Avaliação da presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos em leite e bebida láctea UHT por teste de inibição microbiana comercial

Abstract

The occurrence of antimicrobials residues in milk has been the object of concern by the health authorities, it´s a serious problem in public health due to toxic effects of these compounds, allergies and even some types of cancer, and the opportunity to promote the development of pathogenic microorganisms and change the constitution of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of antimicrobials residues in milk is the most critical point control of chemical milk contamination, should be observed in receipt of raw material on the platforms of the dairy industry. For efficient supervision and levels monitoring of antibiotics residues in animal products, validated analytical methods are needed to ensure the safety and reliability of the results generated. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the incidence of antibiotic residues in milk marketed in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro and evaluate the method of analysis by commercial kits according to sensitivity. To test for antimicrobial residues were obtained by the process UHT sterilized milk, collected from local supermarkets, from March 2007 to July 2008 which are stored under freezing. The analysis of 175 samples were taken with microbiological test commercial Delvotest ® SP-NT with G. steraothermophilus var. calidolactis in agar medium with indicator. Of the total samples analyzed, 2 (two) were positive for a total of 1.1% in incidence of milk already processed and offered for consumption. The kits were tested for their effectiveness, comparing doses of some drugs that make up the pool of sensitivity of the kit. Dilutions were made of the following antimicrobials: Amoxilina, Ampicillin, Gentamicin, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim in different doses to the sensitivity shown by the manufacturer, one less, one intermediate and one above the detection limit of the method and all were confirmed by the test kit. A control strategy aimed at correcting the problem, with guidance livestock, rural extension, sanitaryhygienic concepts, promotion of educational activities by enforcement bodies is a proposal before the results of this study, since mastitis is a major contributor to the occurrence of antimicrobial in milk. It is vital to prevent the presence of antimicrobials residues in milk to reduce technical problems in processing of dairy products and the possibility of transmission of such waste to the consumer, which may cause public health problems. The presence of bacterial inhibitors found in the samples, contrary to existing legislation, it emphatically the need for action of the organs of Public Health, either through the inspection, either through extensive educational programs among the people involved in the production chain.