Principais hortaliças produzidas por sementes no estado do Rio de Janeiro e orientações básicas para a produção de sementes orgânicas de acordo com as legislações vigentes

Abstract

The state of Rio de Janeiro has significant production numbers of vegetables propagated by seeds, which express its capacity to meet much of the domestic demand for consumption of these items. However, its production chain is fragile, especially when it comes to the need to import seeds from other states of the Federation, mainly from Minas Gerais and São Paulo. This scenario is discussed using production records of the main vegetable species propagated by seeds and seedlings produced in RJ and their economic value. The legislation that deals with seed production in Brazil was also analyzed, as well as the potential and barriers within family farming for the production and commercialization of organic seeds. Thus, aiming to contribute to seed production in the state of Rio de Janeiro, this study had the following objectives: To identify the production of the main vegetables propagated by seeds and seedlings in the state of Rio de Janeiro; To research the production of seeds in the state and the origin of seeds purchased by farmers; To systematize the information contained in the Legislation referring to Seeds and Seedlings and Organic Agriculture, so that it can be used by individuals or companies interested in the production and commercialization of organic seeds. This research has an exploratory documental character, where we analyzed the production data of the main vegetables propagated by seeds obtained from the Systematic Monitoring of Agricultural Production (ASPA), from the database of EMATER-RJ of the year 2019 and CEASA-RJ information. The current legislation and technical standards that guide seed production were evaluated in order to list the requirements that family farmers need to meet in order to produce and market seeds. The procedures for registering as a seed producer according to the Normative Instruction 09/2005 were also reported. The electronic addresses and forms for registration in the National Registry of Seeds and Seedlings (RENASEM), for Seed Producer and Seed Certifier, and the steps for registration of seed production fields in the Inspection Management System (SIGEF) were also added. Examples of outstanding practice of the private sector in the production of organic seeds were presented, where farmers can be inspired to set up productive arrangements, whether in producer organizations or in partnership with companies in this sector, thus opening a range of opportunities for generating employment and income with the structuring of seed production, an important segment of the agricultural supply chain, and one that demands incentives to develop in the state of Rio de Janeiro.