Avaliação de diferentes sanitizantes em tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide and hypochlorite on the incidence of Alternaria alternata and Alternaria solani in tomatoes, as well as to evaluate the effects on fruit quality. The fruits were cultivated under the TOMATEC system in the county of Tanguá-RJ, selected and washed in running water. To evaluate the post-harvest diseases on tomatoes, they were separated into two groups with and without inoculum. They were submitted to the treatments: T1) Control; T2) Chlorination (150 mg.L-1 for 10 min); T3) Immersion in ozonated water (3.8 mg.L-1 for 10 min); T4) Chlorine dioxide (1.0 mL.L-1 for 15 min). The fruits were drained and stored in B.O.D at 25 oC for 6 days for evaluation of fungal growth. The uninoculated fruits were kept at a mean temperature of of 23 C and 86% relative humidity (RH) for 9 days for the physical, chemical and physicochemical analyzes, in order to evaluate and compare the quality of the fruits after the different treatments. With the use of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite there was a lower incidence of Alternaria alternata compared to treatment with ozone, and completely inhibiting the growth of Alternaria solani. Ozone was the one that less affected the color of the fruits, presenting behaviors closer to the control. Regarding the firmness, titratable total acidity, total soluble solids and total carotenoids, the treatments did not differ from the control. As for pH, chlorine dioxide had the least influence. In the analyzes of antioxidant capacity, it was possible to observe a reduction of the effect on tomatoes treated with ozone and chlorine dioxide. The results obtained did not show negative effects due to the action of ozone and chlorine dioxide when compared to hypochlorite in terms of physical, chemical and physicochemical quality. Therefore, ozone and chlorine dioxide are good alternatives to post-harvest sanitation of tomatoes.