Desempenho da batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas L.) sob manejo orgânico em sucessão ao cultivo consorciado do milho (Zea mays L.) com leguminosas para adubação verde

Abstract

The study was conducted in the Experimental Field of Embrapa Agrobiologia in Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, with the objectives: (a) evaluate different spatial arrangements of corn in monoculture or syndication with legumes, as the production of grains and nutrient intake of green incorporated biomass accumulated in the soil; (b) assess the residual effect of biomass built on the agronomic performance of sweet potato grown in succession. The treatments for the pre-cultivation were: corn sown in rows of individual spaced 1.0 m between them and double spaced rows of 1.5 m, with 0.5 m between each component; monoculture of corn with or without additional organic fertilizer of coverage (50 kg ha-1 total N in the form of "bed" of chicken), in consortium with corn Crotalaria juncea submitted to cut single or two cuts over the cycle, and corn in consortium with Mucuna pruriens. The crops were conducted in the body system, adopting to block randomized experimental design, involving the 10 treatments arranged in split plots, with four repetitions. Computaram is the biomass of the shoots of each species, as well as the productivity of corn grain in dry and sweet potato tubers of a commercial pattern. The management of Crotalaria juncea through cutting provided only increase the production of corn, compared to the monoculture without fertilization of coverage. Already the cuts parcelados of Crotalaria juncea undermined the productive performance of corn, but resulted in higher intake of biomass to the system. The sowing of Mucuna pruriens, 40 days after planting corn, did not affect the performance of the cereal. The productivity of corn was not influenced by the spatial arrangements evaluated. The performance of the sweet potato has no influence of any of the treatments related to pre-cultivation, production reaching above state and national averages disclosed. The inclusion of legumes green manure, via consortium with corn, is considered a viable option for its ability to provide significant input of organic matter, produced in situ, containing significant amounts of nutrients, especially nitrogen, with the potential to bring benefits in the medium deadline for subsequent commercial crops.