Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. e Passiflora alata Curtis. influenciada pelo tegumento e arilo

Abstract

The present work was carried out at UFRRJ, in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro state, to study the influence of tegument and aril on the germination of seeds from two Passifloraceae species: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. and Passiflora alata Curtis. obtained from whole market fruits pur chased at CEASA-RJ. On the first stage the seeds were evaluated in regard to the physiological and sanitary quality at different substrates and temperatures, as well as to the the process of imbibition and hydric restrition. A three-phase pattern of seed imbibition, was observed, germination decreased from the osmotic potential of -0,6 MPa and increased in sand at the temperature alternating from 20 to 30º C in both species. However, sanitary quality was greatest in fungicide treated seeds with removed aril. The results have pointed out that the seeds from both species presented highest percentage of germination upon aril removal, regardless the seed extremity cutting-off. On the second stage seed extracts were obtained with organic solvents of different polarities. These extracts were identified by classes and a sensibility test was performed with Lactuca sativa L. seeds. Steroids and triglicerides were detected in the dichloromethane extract, carbohydrates were detected in methanol extract. Lettuce seeds germination was inhibited by the dichlorinemethanol extract and increased the members of abnormal seedlings and hard seeds.