Alugados a diversos e a si: os trabalhadores escravizados da Imperial Fazenda de Santa Cruz. Rio de janeiro, 1815-1870

Abstract

This dissertation has as object of study the labor relations of the enslaved workers of the Imperial Farm of Santa Cruz, a large farm in the interior of the captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, belonging to the Imperial Crown. This is a study whose objective is to accompany a group of subjects in their work arrangements to understand what was being triggered from the labor sphere. For this, we will use the documentation on the trade and rent of enslaved at the Imperial Fazenda de Santa Cruz that is deposited in the National Archives of Rio de Janeiro in the documentary sets constituted by the National Fund of the Santa Cruz Farm, the records of baptisms of enslaved of the Curated Of Santa Cruz and the lists in the provincial section of Rio de Janeiro in the journal Almanak administrative, Mercantile and Industrial Market of Rio de Janeiro. In this documentation, we search for their names and analyze the custom of the enslaved of the Santa Cruz Farm to acquire compound names. In this nominative structure, these men and women reinforced their customs, dating back to the "time of the priests", with nostalsis, which symbolized their devotion, beliefs and piety, but also their negotiations and strategies. Knowing this community by their first and last names was a good start. To investigate the structure of ordering the work arrangements of the Farm in the nineteenth century, the categories of service performed and the practices of rent "out" of the Farm and "rented to themselves" by the enslaved. Thus, we realized that the trips to Quintas, Paços and other Offices of the Imperial Crown, was, common practice in the first half of the nineteenth century, less for public establishments as for private purposes, private gentlemen around Santa Cruz, and enslaved rented to you. Thus, we point out as a structure of commerce and rent of enslaved in the Santa Cruz Farm, the system of rented to several and you. This trade was aimed at private masters: farmers, farmers and merchants in the city of Rio de Janeiro and fluminense province. This entire labor organization was permeated by the sexual division of labor that determined various attributions, offices and occupations for men and women, whose meanings we seek to explore.