Análise de erros em resolução de problemas envolvendo sólidos geométricos: uma experiência em uma turma de segundo ano do ensino médio da rede pública

Abstract

This work approached the difficulties to solve problems involving geometrical solids by High School Students. The explanation for this research occurs because of the fact that Space Geometry is present in daily; although, at school environment, the learning difficulties in this area it´s well-known. For this reason, the school must prepare students for other areas from Mathematics. As shown, the general objective was analyze the principal types of mistakes committed by students from a second degree class of High School from public Network in the resolution of surface areas and geometrical solids bulk problems. The research was based on the National Curricular Parameters and on Polya´s, Dante´s and Cury´s works, among other authors. For a select class, was implemented a diagnosis questionnaire, with questions about surface areas and geometrical solids bulk. After that, were executed activities with manipulate materials, involving planning and installation of geometrical solids, which were worked known aspects. After the students solved, in groups, three lists with conceptual problems about contents already mentioned. Furthermore, the methodology of analyses mistakes was used, according to Cury, to analyze the difficulties found by students in the resolution proposed problems. They also wrote comments, evaluating the activities performed. The main results were: wrong answers and partial rights answers was predominant and a considerable part of the results with no answers or without a fundament. Besides that, there were many mistakes on interpretation of statement, arithmetic’s and conceptual mistakes, involving confusion in quantities or unit of measure. Even though the difficulties, with this research, it was possible to understand the value of observe mistakes that were committed by students as an important allied to rethink the teaching practice and for conceive new experiences and learning opportunities