Xamanismo, ou, devir outro da filosofia. ensaios de recepção à contracolonialidade filosófica e à cosmopolítica xamânica imanentes em ‘ a queda do céu’

Abstract

My Master’s research chased relentlessly the objective of drawing a philosophical-receptive reading of the book The Falling Sky: words of yanomami shaman, by Davi Kopenawa and Bruce Albert. Furthermore, it has two others objectives: for proof the possibility of considering such work as a ‘book of amerindian philosophy’ (despite being signed by one yanomami shaman and one French anthropologist); and, simultaneously, investigate what this consideration (when proven) could lead to discussions and to production of philosophical knowledge developed in University circuits. In short, an investigation into ‘how and why’ seems to be fundamentally a philosophical reception of Kopenawa’s recently published shamanic statements. Over more than two years of research development, and especially with the writing process of this dissertation, we were led to diverse and unpredictable paths of reading and reflection, explained in the Introduction. In this abstract, I believe to be valid, only, to emphasize some points: we launch a multipolarized dialogic strategy, creating and testing conceptual alliances with the most diverse authors, philosophical or not, amerindians or not. From the beginning, among the most important references, were the anthropologists Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Tânia Stolze de Lima, due to the concept coined by these of multinaturalist perspectivism. Our main hypothetical path was the investigation of the extent to which the Kopenawa & Albert’s book presents us with a praxological and autonomous explanation of the theory that this concept evoked, and which eventually made it even more complex. In what concerns directly to the philosophical discipline, we maintain an intimate and ambiguous relationship with the works of Deleuze & Guattari and the conception that theese authors presented of which characterizes the Philosophy – beyond the concept of “cosmopolitics”, coined by Isabelle Stengers and refrained in complex terms by the “shamanic critique of the political economy of nature”, immanent in our central book, and in parallel with contemporany Latin American thinkers who claim the urgency of an epistemic decolonization of philosophical practices and theories. At this point, our most important conceptual reference was undoubtedly the quilombola master and author Antônio Bispo dos Santos, his theory of Countercoloniality and his suggestion about a conceptual distinction between Countercoloniality and Decolonization. Last but not least, in hipothetically formulating a field of knowledge that we identify as that of Countercolonialist Philosophies, a more direct dialogue was required between the yanomami shamanism researched in The Falling Sky and others countercolonial traditions, we did it, above all, from the “enchanted science of the macumbas”, presented and analyzed by Simas & Rufino, in another recently published book