Levantamento de Metabólitos Secundários em Isolados de Cogumelo Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler )

Abstract

The upward demand and acceptance, the mushroom Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (shiitake mushroom) is among the most consumed species in Brazil. The need for studies that investigate its morphological, genetic characterization and bioactive composition present in the species are increasing as well. Because of this, some studies related to its cultivation, medicinal and nutraceutical values are becoming more frequent. Genetically, transcribed internal spacer regions (ITS) have been widely used to define interspecific variations, including for members of Fungi kingdom. For metabolic characterization, chromatographic techniques are used to bioprospected actives with biotechnological potential. Thus, this research sought to sequence ITS regions in order to promote the confirmation of species classification of the target isolates of the study, as well as consider the survey of secondary metabolites contained in mycelium samples from these isolates. Approximately 625 bp size amplification products were obtained. The isolates of the present study grouped with the L. edodes isolates from the database and differed from the other species representing the genus Lentinula. Sequence analysis of the ITS region was adequate for interspecific differentiation of the genus Lentinula. Confirming its potential for identification and molecular characterization of fungi. These samples were also followed for quantitative analysis, in which the mobile phase components of these samples were identified and quantified in High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diodes Arrangement Detector (HPLC-DAD). In addition, spectrophotometer analysis of total antioxidant and phenolic compounds was performed. Regarding total phenolic compounds, a concentration of 0.48 mg gallic acid / ml mycelium extract was observed. The chemical fractionation performed with mycelium showed that these secondary metabolites can be observed by the liquid chromatography technique, with the presence of five possible biocompounds with different yield times in the generated chromatogram. Through the injection of patterns, the same times were observed for the structure of 2,4 dimethoxybenzoic acid and 2,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid. Thus, the present work found values that justify the metanolic extraction of these metabolites also demonstrates low which reinforced that the nature of these compounds in mushrooms are polar