Impactos da reforma gerencial do Estado na gestão das políticas públicas para a EJA

Abstract

Over the last decades, the public policies for Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in Brazil have undergone significant changes. These changes occurred intrinsically to the counterrevolutionary actions of bourgeois recomposition in the face of the organic crisis of capital since in 1970s, although in Brazil the evidence of its materiality became clearer in the mid-1980s. The reform of the Brazilian State under the neoliberal perspective mediated by the Third Way, initiated by the Collor de Mello Government, but consolidated by the Fernando Henrique Cardoso Government. The reform of the Brazilian State, especially the "New Public Management" prescription, dramatically reaches the public policies for the EJA in this country, since these are now guided by the guidelines of lean and flexible public management, guided by the perspective of accountability and the pragmatism of management with a focus on results. The advancement of these reforms, in addition to redefining the methods and processes of school management, also implied the political-pedagogical reengineering of the EJA, in order to redefine curricular contents and teaching methodologies, with the goal of training the new type of worker, more psychophysically adapted to the demands of productivity and competitiveness of companies, as well as ethical and morally conformed to the exclusionary character of the labor market. In this context that we analyze the recent changes in the management of public policies for EJA in Brazil triggered by the counterreformation of the Brazilian State. Our objective is to explain the impacts of state management reform on the management of public policies for the EJA in Brazil, covering both the relationship between demand and supply and the nature of its administrative and pedagogical restructuring. This is a basic research, of qualitative analysis, of an explanatory nature, which falls within the category of bibliographic and documentary research because it is anchored in data collected from analysis of government documents, statistical data and institutional reports, as well as in literature review of the area of Education. The socio-historical cut, the research is limited to the period 1996-2016, for identifying in this process the materialization of the most forceful governmental actions as a result of the administrative reform of the State. The analysis shows the following results: a) the consolidation of the decentralization of the implementation of the public policy of EJA in Brazil marked by the accountability of civil society and the municipalisation of this modality of education insufficiently before the offer; b) the institutionalization of lean financing after the institutionalization of FUNDEF and FUNDEB; c) the expansion and flexibilization of the supply through EJA programs integrated to the initial vocational training from the point of view of capital; d) the political-pedagogical actualization of the interested, immediate perspective is pragmatic of human formation, guided by the ideological imperatives of the discourse of employability, entrepreneurship and sustainable development for the formation of the "new type man", having as centrality the consolidation of new imperatives for the social and material reproduction of the working class. These results led us to the conclusion that the meaning of such changes in public policies for EJA in Brazil is to renew the mechanisms of mediation of the class conflict to preserve, in renewed conditions, the necessary consensus for the maintenance of the hegemony of the bloc in power, either by the formation of a framework for simple work or by the ethical and moral conformation of the most vulnerable segments of the working class to face unemployment naturally and / or the intensification of the precariousness of life in the current stage of development of bourgeois sociability. Financing: CAPES.