"Precisa-se de uma criada estrangeira ou nacional para todo o serviço de casa”: cotidiano e agências de servidoras/es domésticas/os no mundo do trabalho carioca. 1880-1930

Abstract

With the objective of analyzing the daily and agencies of domestic servants, national and European immigrants, selves in their experiences in relation to the world of work, we seek to analyze this activity in an important moment - end of slavery, massive entry of immigrants in Rio territory and consolidation of liberal thinking and capitalism. Starting from this scenario, we will analyze how such labor relations are the result of a set of changes occurred in a process that has been drawing since the second half of the nineteenth century, not just results of the end of slavery. Thus, the experiences of Brazilian and foreign women, men and minors will be analyzed from a set of documentation, which will allow us to observe the main forms of income of these characters in the domestic service in Rio de Janeiro, as well as the male participation in a scenario dominated by the female presence. In addition, child labor has a prominent role in presenting a labor market in which the labor force plays an important role, most importantly, in the ideological construction of a so-called "domination" of the "household". Finally, it should be noticed that at a time when the working class is the constant target of public policies for its control and ordering, the criminalization of such activity will become an important tool. That despite the efforts of coercion, it did not fail to face constant reactions and resistance from women, men, children, domestic and foreign, who struggled daily for better working and living conditions.