Utilização de composto orgânico na formulação de substratos para produção de mudas de espécie florestal

Abstract

The forest species seedling growing demand requires more efficient and cost effective substrate in Paraiba River Valley, in São Paulo state. This study objective was a substrate new formulation development using available local raw material and test its efficiency on Schinus Terebinthifolius seedling production. Substrate made of Brachiaria decumbens secondary forest sedge ("palhada") plus castor bean pie (BD+TM compound), forming an organic compound, in a proportion about 75%, 50%, 25%, on the Bw horizon and, also, three traditional substrate reference treatment were evaluated. The subject seedling were planted and kept at Centro de Estudos Ambientais do Vale do Paraíba – CEAVAP nursery, in Roseira, SP, for ninety days, where several seedling and substrate properties were compared to traditional production methods. The substrate prepared with BD + TM compound were more effective in Schinus terebinthifolius growing, as well, specific seedling properties, such as, stem diameter at swab height, height, aerial mass production and root fresh mass were better developed than seedling produced using traditional referred substrate. Substrate produced with BD + TM compound plus regular soil showed, at the transplantation moment, better nutrient residuals among all evaluated nutrients, except the one added with Calcium, it was for sure, why those substrates showed better Schinus terebinthifolius seedling aerial mass development. The 75% of organic compound plus 25% Bw horizon substrate provided better conditions for aerial mass and root development, besides seedling favorable properties for growing, in terms of clod stability with lesser density