Diversidade genética entre acessos de feijão-fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.) Mensurada via caracteres morfoagronômicos e marcadores ISSR

Abstract

The lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) has shown impressive economic results and great social importance within the context of family farming. The plants belong to the genus Phaseolus, family Fabaceae and feature a huge variety of shapes and sizes of seeds. Related to diversity studies are necessary, that they know better and more deeply species. In this way the research was to evaluate the genetic diversity present in 15 accessions of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), as well as knowing the productive potential of each of these. Analyzes were performed in a greenhouse and later in the field, were evaluated in all 34 variables, where analyzes were performed univariate and multivariate analysis, with the formation of dendrograms via UPGMA clustering method, scatter plots and correlation. For genotypic analysis 15 ISSR primers were used for the analysis of genetic diversity, finally a joint analysis of all data obtained throughout the work was performed. Initially assessed the seeds had high germination rates, ranging 87-100 %, plus a good germination rate with an average of 5.7 days. Important variables such as weight of a seed (PuS) and total weight of seeds (PTS) showed high heritability and genetic variability, with 94,4 and 2,4 and 80,8 and 1,2 respectively. Accessions 01, 08 and 12 were the most productive, with an equivalent to approximately 626, 565 and 548 g respectively production. Variables related to leaves and seeds were those that contributed most to the diversity found. Access 11 stood out as the most divergent in all phenotypic analyzes, also showing the most differentiated quality characteristics. ISSR markers generated a total of 128 bands. The access 01, 04, 05 and 11 were the most divergent genotypically , while on the analysis accesses 01, 11, 14 and 15 were the most divergent. In this study the variable grain production (PTS) showed a high correlation with the number of seeds (NuS) and number of pods (NuV) , while the value of crude protein were highly correlated with any of the variables . Accessions 01, 08 and 12 were the most productive, crossings are recommended between access 01 and any of the accesses cited, crosses between accessions 06, 09, and 12 may also be promising.