Variação sazonal na abundância e biologia reprodutiva da gaivota Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 (Aves: Laridae)

Abstract

Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 is in the laridea most common from Brazilian coast and too in the species of gull best known. It´s in type of seabird coastal pretense in order Charadriiformes and is consider resident in country. Usually forragear in first time in the morning in beach and coastal the search that food and often, been consuming the fish clupeiformes, but keep in diet generalist and opportunistic. It´s too considered in species omnivores and feeder constant of garbage or carcass played in the beach. Practice in kleptoparasitism intra or interspecific, that has caused interaction negative competition been putting others species of birds. Be intimated associate to places of amateur fishery or of mariculture. Presented in distribution cosmopolite proprieties of tropical zones or subtropical. In Brazil, the species can be easy observed from Rio Grande do Sul state until in Rio de Janeiro with registers occasional in region northeastern. Reproduce in coastal islands during the period of maiy until december and your reproductive colonies in country are register of Santa Catarina until Rio de Janeiro. During the reproductive period occurred in migration to coastal islands, where the species before his four years of age acquired in reproductive mature. This reproductive sites has nuptial core, the formation of pairs reproductive, the posture, in incubation of period is of 27 until 30 days, the careful with of the offspring, well as food and protection against invasive possible. Studied of biology reproduction of species indicated on taxes of survival with more of 50% to in country, such fact, ally in ecological factors be been contributing in expansion to new coastal areas. Observations about the population dynamics of species indicated biggest abundance of individuals at time during day with returned to shore islands at night. Besides, the species utilize as font of additional recourse the bycath, in that caused alterations in life of cycle of species, as in the reproductive ecology and in population dynamic. The fact of Larus dominicanus iterate with in amateur fishery yet is few understudied of ecologically point of view. The presented study of dissertation be divided in chapter to that in the subject fosse development on end of contemplate aspects of population structure of species in Rio de Janeiro state. This way, the chapters are so presented: Chapter I Variation seasonal of abundance in the of Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus (Aves: Laridae) in shore of Itaipu, Niteroi and of Barra de Guaratiba, Rio de Janeiro; chapter II Interaction of the Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus (Aves: Laridae) in amateur fishery area; III Breeding time and censu Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus (Aves: Laridae) in new colonie in the Rio de Janeiro and chapter IV Population status of Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus (Aves: Laridae) in the reproductive sites from Brazil. Tails studies aim to contribute to the knowed of point’s importance of cycle of life of species in state and to manage operations of coastal.