Aspectos biológicos e ecológicos de Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (Diptera, Calliphoridae)

Abstract

The research was divided into chapters. The experiments were conducted at T 30°C day/ night 28ºC, RH 70 ± 10% and 12h photophase. In the first chapter, were evaluated the diet of chicken gizzard in post-embryonic development of Cochliomyia macellaria compared to beef. Forty neolarvas were transferred to diet 80g (four replicates/ treatment). There was significant difference between the body mass of the larvae mature. The mean duration of larval, pupal and total, the average viability larval, pupal and total did not differ statistically by Student's t test (α = 5%). There was no deviation of the sex ratio and abnormality in adults. The diet of chicken gizzard is promising for creating C. macellaria. The second chapter evaluated the performance of adult C. macellaria, derived from immature fed on a diet of chicken gizzards and beef diet. After emergence, couples were distributed into 4 cages (40 couples/ treatment). Was offered gizzards or beef/treatment for oviposition. The mean total weight of the egg mass, the mass weight/day, the weight of the mass/female/day, the number of eggs/g of egg viability for gizzard and beef were not statistically different by Student's t test (α = 5%). Through of Kaplan-Meier non-parametric and Weibull parametric regression methods, there was no difference between the average total times of longevity, the estimated time for the longevity of males and females. The chicken gizzard diet is effective for rearing C. macellaria. The third chapter evaluated, preliminarily, the postembryonic development of C. macellaria in gizzards and beef homogenates (control: chicken gizzards and beef). The homogenate was prepared in a mixer using gizzard/meat, agar and distilled water. Forty neolarvas were transferred to 80g of diet (four replicates/treatment). The average body mass of the larvae mature created in the diet gizzard homogenate was superior, there was significant difference between diets based on gizzard when compared to the. There was no significant difference between the mean duration of larval, pupal and total, and the average survival rate of larvae and pupae. As for total viability was no significant difference between the gizzard homogenates and meat, were significantly higher than the other treatments. There was no deviation of the sex ratio. The homogenate gizzard is the most satisfactory diet. The fourth chapter evaluated the population dynamics of C. macellaria the city of Seropédica-RJ x from July 2011 to June 2012, the abundance of C. macellaria, its constancy and its correlation with abiotic factors and the most abundant species. The collections were performed monthly using fresh sardines(bait). At constancy index, C. macellaria is a species constant, peaking in July and December. It is the third species in abundance, being below C. albiceps and C. megacepahala also constates this location. Through the Pearson Correlation Test, it can be observed that C. macellaria is not influenced by the variations of T and RH% registered and there is a strong correlation between the abundance of C. macellaria and Chrysomya megacepahala and between C. macellaria and Chrysomya albiceps.