Avaliação da eficácia de aditivo anti-micotoxina em leitoas pré-púberes intoxicadas experimentalmente com zearalenona

Abstract

Brazil has a prominent pork production and it is among the leading of producers and exporters of meat pork in the world. Today, the type of Brazilian pig produced, is of high quality and requires special care, starting at the quality of food, to provided maximum expression of genetic potential. The staple diet of the pig is soy and corn, these can be affected by fungi, which when in favorable conditions to their growth, colonize grain and use their nutrients to their development. As a result, can occur the production of mycotoxins and secondary metabolites, which can be toxic to animals. Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin with estrogenics properties which leads to huge losses, especially in reproduction, where it causes abortion, pseudopregnancy, stillbirths, among other symptoms. The use of anti-mycotoxin additive added to the feed is an example of how to prevent it. The yeast wall is a new alternative of adsorbent to be tested. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an anti-mycotoxin additive, of yeast wall, and the effects of mycotoxin ZEA in prepubertal gilts. A total of 36 prepubertal gilts were divided in 4 treatments: T1 ( ration), T2 (ration + adsorbent), T3( ration + toxin),T4 (ration +toxin+ adsorbent). The concentration used of ZEA were 2 ppm, maximum concentration of the limit established to register as a antimycotoxin additive according to Brazilian laws and the concentration used of anti-mycotoxin additive were 0,2%, gained on earlier in vitro studies. The animals were fed for 21 days with the toxin, weighted and measured the vulva, at the end of treatment were slaughtered for evaluation of the reproductive tract. The results showed no significant statistic difference in feed conversion and live weight between treatments. There were performance reduce in weight gain and feed intake on T3. About measured of vulva, the mean of weight and length of the reproductive tract were significant differences in the treatments with ZEA 2ppm. The adsorbent used was not effective in preventing ZEA mycotoxicosis by the 2ppm, probably due to saturation of the anti-mycotoxin additive molecule by metabolites of the ZEA, that was in higher quantity than mannanoligosaccharide, overtaking the adsorbtive capacity of adsorbent.