Plantio de Feijoeiro (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) em um sistema agroflorestal com açaí, mogno africano e leguminosas arbóreas implantado há 10 anos em Seropédica, RJ

Abstract

Agroforestry systems (ASF) are potentially characterized as a agroecological crops by the similarity to the forest structure and function which gives more sustainability to the production systems, making them environmentally friendly. This study evaluated an AFS ten years plantation to obtain information about the nitrogen fixing legumes influenced over the soil chemical properties, the palm heart production, the Khaya ivorensis A. Chevalier and Euterpe oleracea Mart. Growth, and finally the common beans cultivation. The AFS was located at Embrapa Agrobiologia Experimental field, at Seropédica city, Rio de Janeiro state. The statistical was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 4 replications with 9 m x 9 m plots and total area with 1.620 m2. There were E. oleraceae, planted in a 3 m x 3 m spacing with one plant of K. ivorensis at the plot center. The treatments were different kinds of green manure crops between the lines such as: Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze; Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud;. Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, nitrogen fertilization with castor cake and spontaneous vegetation. For the soil fertility analyses were collected two samples, one before and other after green manure crops management. K. ivorensis and E. oleraceae biometry, also heart palm production were harmed by inappropriate management on cultivation care lack between post planting and this evaluation lapse. These commercial crops reached larger diameters and superior height at the plot without leguminous crops competition. Green manure crops were efficient in soils nutrients cycling, increasing the most elements content after pruning the leguminous plants and the application of the biomass over the ground. Extract nodules inoculation showed capacity to increase nodulation and nitrogen content in common beans plants, but didn’t increase the grain production.