Efeito da adição do leite de vaca à calda bordalesa no controle da varíola do mamoeiro em diferentes densidades de cultivo em sistema orgânico

Abstract

The study was conducted, in the center of Integrated Rural Education State-CEIER, located in the municipality of White Eagle, Northwest of the State of Espírito Santo, the aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the whole milk added to the Bordeaux mixture Asperisporium caricae control, causative agent of smallpox and the behavior of this disease in different population densities the papaya tree. In setting up the experiment, the seedlings were separated by size: smaller, medium-sized and larger, so that the implementation of the orchard, there was within each block seedlings with similar vigor. The seedlings of papaya (Carica papaya L.) were prepared, using seeds of papayas hermaphrodites of the cultivar ' Golden Sunrise ', belonging to the soil. On planting and leading between each block, was grown legumes Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) as green manure. The plants were bi-monthly composted manure tanned and potassium sulphate and alternating sprays with foliar fertilizer Agrobio (2%). The phytosanitary control followed the rules of organic farming. Spontaneous herbs were controlled by means of plant cover (Sunn hemp biomass) and periodic roçadas. It took the experimental design of randomized blocks, being arranged in factorial arrangement of treatments. We evaluated the whole milk concentrations (0,0%, 5% and 10%) + 1% Bordeaux mixture (subplots), in six different breeding densities (1667, 2167, 3167, 2667, 3667 and 4167 plants. hectare-1). Based on the results it is concluded that: the addition of raw cow's milk to the Bordeaux mixture enables greater control of smallpox of papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; the mixture prepared with 10% of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture, the greater the inhibition signs of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; analyzing by vegetative aspect of papaya, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture occurs in younger leaves; the extent to which increasing the dosage raw cow's milk, from zero to 10%, in Bordeaux, increases linearly, the ability to control the smallpox of the papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; less degradated plantations allow lower occurrence of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits, if compared to those more Caterpillar; the density of plantation of papaya of 1667 plants.ha-4167 plants even 1.ha-1 the severity of smallpox of the papaya tree increases in a linear fashion; smallpox papaya progresses, exponentially, from bottom to top and/or older leaves to the newest; the part of the fruit, stuck in the plant, yet more exposed to external factors, is the most affected by smallpox of papaya, compared with the part facing the stem; analyzing for the papaya reproductive aspect, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux is noticed on the face less exposed of the fruit; and, eat avocado with more leaves infected by smallpox will produce fruits also more affected by this disease