Contribuição ao conhecimento da fauna de Stratiomyidae (Insecta: Diptera) do Parque Municipal de Nova Iguaçu

Abstract

Diptera comprises one of the largest orders of class Insecta, with great diversity and variety of feeding habits, which makes them able to exploit basically any kind of environment. The Stratiomyidae family occurs in tropical and temperate regions of the world, being easily found in moist and wet tropical climate. Although they are distinguished as pollinators, may also being report as causing myiasis, agriculture pests and potential vectors of pathogens. Their larvae may be aquatic, semi-aquatic or terrestrial, and are associated with remains of fruits, vegetables, leaves and roots of aquatic plants, papaya and banana trees and others trunks of trees in decomposition. The objectives of this study were to survey the composition and diversity of Stratiomyidae family in Parque Municipal de Nova Iguaçu; examine the adaptation of this insects group on human action; increase the knowledge of Stratiomyidae neotropical species and confirm the larvae rearing methods for the subfamilies species in laboratory. In this work points near the river that crosses the park were chosen, limiting a maximum, a minimum and other intermediaries points, and using collection methods as malaise traps, entomological net traps and "pet" bottles to capture the adults while immatures were captured through manual collection in fallen trunks, Winkler extractor and rotten fruit. Representatives of three species were found, two of the subfamily Sarginae (Merosargus azureus and Ptecticus testaceus) and one of the subfamily Hermetiinae (Hermetia illucens). These specimens were collected in places where the public visitation is open, but any example was found in restricted areas. These findings lead to hypothesized that human actions are influencing the biodiversity of flies and the modification the environment determined by the same action. This study extended the knowledge of M. azureus concerning the description the puparia and the occurrence of this specie in the Rio de Janeiro State, expanding geographic distribution. This was first record that P. testaceus and M. azureus collected in fruits of Artocarpus heterophyllus, popularly known as jackfruit.