Biomonitoramento dos extratos brutos e das frações glicoacaloidais de seis espécies do gênero Solanum frente à Artemia salina e ao caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata e às reações com o alcalóide solasodina de Solanum crinitum

Abstract

The biological activity of crude extracts and glycoalkaloidal fractions of six Solanum species, S. crinitum, S. seafothianum, S. variable, S. capsicoide, S. americanum and S. lincocarpum, was related in this work against Artemia salina microcrustace and Biomphalaria glabrata snail. The S. crinitum glycoalkaloidal fraction was HPLC-MS monitored and three different glycoalkaloids were verified. The S. crinitum collected plants, from João Pessoa (PB) and Seropédica (RJ), were compared and a similar chemical profile was observed. The steroidal alkaloid solasodine was isolated from S. crinitum and utilized on oxidation and sterification reactions. In the last reactions the microwave irradiation was also utilized in the presence of several catalysts. The NMR 1H, 13C and IR spectroscopic techniques and the GC-MS were used to characterize the products. The crude extracts and fractions of Solanum species were assayed against Artemia salina and the result had showed a significant toxicity. The S. seaforthianum and S. crinitum glycoalkaloidal fractions were the most actives. All crude extracts of Solanum species and four glycoalkaloidal fractions haven t presented significant activity against Biomphalaria glabrata snails. However, the S. seafothianum and the S. crinitum fractions showed effective moluscicidal activities and these results have led us a good correlation ship with Artemia salina assays.