Estratégia competitiva no varejo de supermercados brasileiro. Uma análise do desempenho das seis maiores redes entre 1999 e 2003

Abstract

The Brazilian supermarket sector has experienced significant transformation in the last few years, following the economic tendency verified in Brazil and in the world. In a very competitive canary, the strategic movements of the big stores can make the difference between a good and a bad performance, or between the permanency, retreat or development of a competitor in this market. The present work analysis the performance of big competitors acting in the Brazilian supermarket sector, extending this discussion to a strategy approach about competition in the market. Besides a description about the history of Brazilian supermarkets, the objective is to present the main topics of strategy applicable on the segment, with emphasis to market segmentation and the relation between strategy and performance. The perform avaluation used was the methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which analysis the perform of each one, along with various factors, and in a comparative form. An analyze of the different options adopted considering the format of the stores, location, form of development and branding implemented by the six biggest groups of the sector, according of the rank, about 2003, announced by the Brazilian Association of Supermarkets (ABRAS). It is so that, Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição, called by Pão de Açúcar, Carrefour, Sonae, Bompreço, Sendas e Wal Mart have their results between 1999 and 2003 submitted to an analyze including billing, number of stores, number of employees and area available in stores. The methodology permit to identify companies whose perform in the period figure under the average of the conjunct of leaders of the rank. By the other side, is possible to find the supermarket s companies with the best results, whose competitive strategy could be seen as model.