Membrana amniótica equina criopreservada aplicada em feridas cutâneas de cavalos

Abstract

Horses are predisposed animals to suffer extensive skin lesions, and even being common lesions in these animals, wounds require special knowledge and care to achieve a successful result. Thus, new methods of injury management are needed to assist the veterinarian. In this scenario, the use of the amniotic membrane resurfaces, which is one of the oldest biomaterials used in tissue recovery. The aim of this research was to evaluate the use of the equine amniotic membrane (EAM) indirectly frozen by liquid nitrogen and stored at -10 ° to -24°C as an auxiliary method in the treatment of skin lesions in the distal region of the anterior limbs of horses. For this, an experimental study was carried out, using six healthy female horses, aged 3 to 10 years. The EAM was collected from healthy parturient mares, previously evaluated. Wounds in the mares of the study were surgically made at the distal extremities of the anterior limbs, specifically in the metacarpal region, under local anesthesia. One of the members was chosen as treaty, while the contralateral remained as control. The following macroscopic and sensory parameters were evaluated, such as: painful sensitivity to digital palpation around the wound; presence of granulation tissue; secretions; and bleeding after debridement during cleaning. The parameters evaluated microscopically were: the integrity of the epithelium, the organization of connective tissue, the presence of hemorrhage, fibroplasia, epithelial hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, neovascular and the present cell types. Evaluations were performed on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 63 in order to standardize statistical results, as the complete closure of the lesion at different times for each animal could negatively affect them. The study concluded that treatment with EAM achieved expected result and was effective, simple and relatively low cost. This proves the hypothesis that the use of EAM as a method of aid and modulation of the wound healing process is advantageous and effective to be routinely applied in the clinic of horses, since it promotes a fast healing recovery, besides more histologically organized compared to the control group, which was proven by the greater neovascularization and better quality of fibroplasia, besides causing lower pain sensitivity and promoting faster healing.