A ressignificação do uso de Encomendas Tecnológicas e a adoção de instrumentos de estímulo à inovação orientados pela demanda no Brasil

Abstract

In Brazil, strategies to stimulate innovation at national level have been mostly adopted prioritizing the supply side, where the State assumes a more passive role, in charge of providing resources to universities, firms, research laboratories, among other agents, who decide where and how to apply them. This type of innovative activity is characterized as guided by the curiosity of the researcher, not intending to achieve specific goals. However, the persistence of the economy’s low innovation rates, reflected on PINTEC’s numbers signals the need for a change in strategy. Then, the present dissertation seeks to present the resignification of Technological Orders’ use in the ST&I’s New Legal Framework as an alternative to conventional policies, as it allows the Public Administration to face the high uncertainty linked to the innovation process through the sharing of costs and risks with the private sector. To this end, the methodological tools adopted were a solid bibliographic review based on articles, books and technical notes, in addition to the examination of secondary sources (Brazilian legal provisions, European Union documents and the regulations governing procurement processes in the United States). With this, it’s intended to help to enrich the Brazilian academic literature regarding demand-driven innovation instruments in general, and related to Technological Orders specifically, given their still incipient character. At the end of the research, the conclusion was that the new Brazilian legal framework regarding innovation has inspired enough legal security for the execution of ten orders so far, in different sectors and applications. There is a hope that this is just the beginning of a wider use of this instrument, capable of solving problems that plague the country for a long time, as well as raising the technological and innovative level of the country through the maturing of its National Innovation System.