1. TEDE
  2. CAMPUS SEROPÉDICA
  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia
  4. Mestrado em Fitotecnia
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dc.creatorAmorim, Gustavo Torres dos Santos-
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8305962686833557por
dc.contributor.advisor1Damasceno Junior, Pedro Corrêa-
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3493599001978076por
dc.contributor.referee1Damasceno Junior, Pedro Corrêa-
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3493599001978076por
dc.contributor.referee2Silva, Diolina Moura-
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0341541450627705por
dc.contributor.referee3Menezes, Bruna Rafaela da Silva-
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9643745154814449por
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-08T15:15:31Z-
dc.date.issued2019-07-30-
dc.identifier.citationAMORIM, Gustavo Torres dos Santos.Modo de reprodução preferencial em genótipos de vinca (Catharanthus roseus [L.] G. Don). 2019. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitotecnia). Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2019.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5749-
dc.description.resumoA vinca (Catharanthus roseus [L.] G. Don) distingue-se por ser fonte exclusiva dos alcaloides vincristina e vimblastina, no entanto ocorrem em baixas concentrações na espécie. Tais alcaloides são utilizados em quimioterápicos para o tratamento de tumores, leucemias e linfomas. Sendo assim, é fundamental desenvolver um programa de melhoramento genético na busca de genótipos superiores quanto a produção de vincristina e vimblastina. Para isso, é necessário, inicialmente, o estudo do modo de reprodução preferencial da espécie para a aplicação correta dos métodos de melhoramento. Diante do exposto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar o modo de reprodução preferencial em 10 genótipos de vinca da coleção de germoplasma da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, com base na relação pólen:óvulo (P:O), histoquímica dos grãos de pólen, emissão e desenvolvimento de tubos polínicos in vivo, viabilidade polínica e receptividade do estigma. Bem como estimar a diversidade genética via marcadores moleculares ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) entre os genótipos analisados. Para estimar a razão (P:O), anteras de cada flor foram excisadas, e os grãos de pólen foram contados sob microscópio; ovários das mesmas flores foram dissecados, e os óvulos foram contados sob estereomicroscópio. Na análise histoquímica dos grãos de pólen utilizou-se os corantes Sudan IV e a solução de I2KI para detecção de lipídeo e amido, respectivamente. A emissão e desenvolvimento de tubos polínicos in vivo foram avaliados em botões florais e flores na antese, em microscopia de fluorescência, utilizando-se o fluorocromo azul de anilina a 0,1%. Para a viabilidade polínica, em botões florais, empregou-se a solução tripla de Alexander e para a receptividade do estigma adotou-se a solução de acetato de alfa-naftil, em flores fechadas e na antese. Na análise genotípica foram utilizados 15 primers ISSR. A matriz fenética foi estimada pelo índice de dissimilaridade de Jaccard e o agrupamento dos genótipos foi realizado via UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Groups Method with Arithmetic Mean). Verificou-se a consistência do padrão de agrupamento através da correlação cofenética. Os resultados da relação (P:O) indicaram que oito, dos 10 genótipos, apresentaram, simultaneamente, autogamia facultativa e alogamia facultativa (modo de reprodução misto). Porém, dois genótipos apresentaram somente um modo de reprodução, alógamo facultativo, no UFRRJ VIN007, e autógamo facultativo no UFRRJ VIN004. Os estigmas receptivos e a elevada viabilidade polínica em botões florais estabeleceram condições favoráveis para a ocorrência da cleistogamia. Com base na emissão e desenvolvimento de tubos polínicos in vivo, constatou-se que dos oito genótipos com modo de reprodução misto, seis deles tiveram forte tendência a alogamia e todos foram autocompatíveis. Verificou-se também a ocorrência da cleistogamia em 50% dos genótipos. No caso, do UFRRJ VIN004 tal ocorrência foi acentuada, o que reforça a sua tendência a autogamia. Entretanto, observou-se que sete genótipos, incluindo o UFRRJ VIN007, exibiram forte tendência a alogamia. Diante disso, percebe-se grande diversidade de estratégias reprodutivas em vinca, já que tanto a autofecundação quanto a alogamia podem estar presentes. A alta diversidade genética obtida pode ser explicada pela forte tendência a alogamia constatada em 70% dos genótipos analisadospor
dc.description.abstractThe periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus [L.] G. Don) is distinguished because it is exclusive source of vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids, however they occur in low concentrations in the species. Such alkaloids are used in chemotherapy for the treatment of tumors, leukemias and lymphomas. Therefore, it is essential to develop a breeding program in search of superior genotypes for vincristine and vinblastine production. For this, it is necessary, initially, the study of the preferential reproduction mode of the species for the correct application of the breeding methods. Given the above, this research aimed to study the preferential mode of reproduction in 10 genotypes of periwinkle from the germplasm collection of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, based on the pollen:ovule (P:O) ratio, histochemical pollen, emission and development of pollen tubes in vivo, pollen viability and receptivity of stigma. As well as to estimate genetic diversity using ISSR molecular markers (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) among the analyzed genotypes. To estimate the ratio (P:O), anthers of each flower were excised, and pollen grains were counted under a microscope; ovaries of the same flowers were dissected, and the ovules were counted under stereomicroscope. In the histochemical analysis of pollen grains were used the dyes Sudan IV and the solution I2KI for the detection of lipid and starch, respectively. The emission and development of pollen tubes in vivo were evaluated in flower buds and flowers in anthesis, under fluorescence microscopy, using 0.1% aniline blue fluorochrome. For the pollen viability, in flower buds, the triple solution of Alexander was used and for the receptivity of the stigma was adopted the solution of alpha-naphthyl acetate, in closed flowers and anthesis. In the genotypic analysis, 15 ISSR primers were used. The phenetic matrix was estimated by dissimilarity index of Jaccard and the grouping of the genotypes was performed by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Groups Method with Arithmetic Mean). The consistency of the clustering pattern was verified through the cophenetic correlation. The results of the ratio (P:O) indicated that eight of the 10 genotypes presented both facultative self-pollinated and facultative cross pollinated (mixed mating). However, two genotypes presented only one mode of reproduction, facultative cross pollinated, in UFRRJ VIN007, and facultative self-pollinated in UFRRJ VIN004. The receptive stigmas and the high pollen viability in flower buds established favorable conditions for the occurrence of cleistogamy. Based on the emission and development of pollen tubes in vivo, it was verified that of the eight genotypres with mixed reproduction mode, six of them had a strong tendency to allogamy and all were self-compatible. It was also verified the occurrence of cleistogamy in 50% of the genotypes. In the case of UFRRJ VIN004 such occurrence was accentuated, which reinforces its tendency to autogamy. However, it was observed that seven genotypes, including UFRRJ VIN007, showed a strong tendency to allogamy. In view of this, a great diversity of reproductive strategies can be observed in periwinkle, since both self-pollinated and allogamy may be present. The high genetic diversity obtained can be explained by the strong tendency to allogamy found in 70% of the analyzed genotypeseng
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dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
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dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapor
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecniapor
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dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectMicroscopia de fluorescênciapor
dc.subjectmarcadores ISSRpor
dc.subjectplantas medicinaispor
dc.subjectcleistogamiapor
dc.subjectmelhoramento genéticopor
dc.subjectFluorescence microscopyeng
dc.subjectISSR markerseng
dc.subjectmedicinal plantseng
dc.subjectcleistogamyeng
dc.subjectplant breedingeng
dc.subject.cnpqAgronomiapor
dc.titleModo de reprodução preferencial em genótipos de vinca (Catharanthus roseus [L.] G. Don)por
dc.title.alternativePreferential reproduction mode in vinca genotypes (Catharanthus roseus [L.] G. Don)eng
dc.typeDissertaçãopor
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