Questão nacional e revolução: estado-império e a libertação dos povos no pensamento político de Mikhail Bakunin

Abstract

The Modern Nation-States constitution was marked by the establishment of the Official Nation politics, bourgeois and centralist. According to Mikhail Bakunin this Empire- States politics was founded on the conquest and exploitation of peoples-nations and the working class, which represented the main pole of resistance to this process of theological-centralist domination over nature and society. In this research we analyze how the Center-periphery relations and the Internal Colonialism in Europe shaped the political thoughts of Mikhail Bakunin and how they were at the base of the main divergences of popular-labor movement XIX century. We also sought to understand how Bakunin articulated an anarchist interpretation of National Question that questioned the Historical Right of States and the State Policy present in the social and national movements of the period, pointing out how such questions ended up integrating in different ways the imperial politics of the period, both the industrialism of the German Social-Democracy, and the different nationalisms, mazzinista and pan-eslavist.