Prevalência de transtorno de estresse pós traumático e fatores associados em bombeiros militares do Rio De Janeiro

Abstract

The emergency professionals remain constantly vulnerable to situations that produce high levels of stress. These occupational stressors corroborate the development of psychological distress. Among the mental disorders associated with occupational stressors highlight the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which is a mental disorder resulting from exposure to threatening situations experienced by the individual or only witnessed by this. The proposal of that research was to study the presence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors in military firefighters of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted using a quantitative analysis, which were applied 194 questionnaires and scales in assets Firefighters working in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro. Participants volunteered for answering questions related to socio-demographic data, through the questionnaire of General Data, and were assessed about suicidal thoughts and attempt, consequences to traumatic events through the PCL- C, assessment of quality of life and subjective well-being, using the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale - PANAS, trauma paralysis and freezing using Tonic Immobility Scale - TIS6, the Peritraumatic Dissociatuve Experience Questionnaire - PDEQ, which evaluates the presence of dissociative experiences that can happen during traumatic situations, the SF12 scale that evaluates the perception of quality of life considering health aspects of individual and PHQ9 to identify symptoms for the episode of major depression. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. According to the results of the investigation, it was found that 75% of the sample were male, mean age 36 years (Median= 36.88). The majority were married (75%) and had children (76%). More than half of the sample had an average educational level (38%) or higher (34%) and has worked in the institution (50%) between 6 and 10 years. The prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder obtained in this study was 21%, and women were twice more affected than men. The results also showed a significant correlation between PTSD and negative affects, peritraumatic dissociation, tonic immobility, depression and symptoms of TMC, corroborating the literature. It is worth mentioning the importance of further studies in order to confirm and more accurate results, and longitudinal studies that track the trajectory of these military, contributing to the improvement and expansion of mental health services in the firefighters institutions.