Levantamento arbóreo viário da zona central do município de Valença, RJ

Abstract

This study aimed to quantify and qualify the forestry road to central Valencia, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in order to meet the arboreal heritage, identify conflicts and management needs. A tree census was carried out in the studied area, which is 1,6 km 2 where the floristic composition of the species was verified and phytosociological parameters were analyzed. The predominant characteristics of the streets were residential (67%) with light traffic (65,3%), narrow streets (75,25%) and sidewalks lower than 2.0 m (65,35%). Were identified 302 individuals in 55 species, distributed in 30 families, 52 genus and 4 dead individuals. The most important individuals were Bauhinia variegata L. with 74 individuals (24,51%), followed by Licania tomentosa (Benth.) Fritsch with 48 individuals (15,89 %), Ligustrum lucidum W. T. Aiton with 21 (6,96 %), and Lagerstroemia indica L. with 16 (5.31%). These species together correspond to 52,67 % of the species found. The other 47,33% are divided into 51 different species. The 5 families with the highest occurrence by individuals were Fabaceae with 36,42% (110), Chrysobalanaceae with 15,89% (48), Bignoniaceae with 7,28% (22), Oleaceae with 6.95% (21), Lythraceae with 5,30% (16 ), which together correspond to 71,84% of families found. The most representative botanical families by number of species were Fabaceae with 27,27% (15) , Bignoniaceae 9,09 % (5), and with 5.45% (3) Myrtaceae and Moraceae. Fabaceae with 14 genus (26,92%) presented significant value over the other two largest families: Bignoniaceae with 7.69% (4) and Myrtaceae with 3 genus (5,77%). There was a predominance of exotic species (Brazil) with 68% (206) of individuals. The most representative native species (Brazil) were Licania tomentosa and Poincianella pluviosa (DC.) LP Queiroz with 15,89% (48) and 3,64% (11) individuals. The phytosociological parameters indicated that 5 most representative species by importance value (VI) are Bauhinia variegate, Licania tomentosa, Ligustrum lucidum, Poincianella pluviosa, Terminalia catappa L. which together correspond to 46,46% of the value of importance (VI%) of the species. The height of the species smaller than 6 m were predominant with 75,50% (228) and the diameters (DAP) up to 10 cm were in the most representative classes with 29,14% (88), followed by the class of 10-20 cm with 27,81% (84). Conflicts with the wiring is destac plow the rest, where 45,03% of individuals presented conflicts with telephone wiring, and 38,08% presented a conflict with electrical wiring , and the numerous conflicts raised show the constant need for a correct management of the species studied. The great presence of exotic species deserves attention and need to improve the distribution of arboreal individuals, aiming at the diversification of native species. The information obtained in the present study is a valuable tool to support actions of planning and management of tree planting in Valença-RJ.