Plasma rico em plaquetas em equinos: obtenção e efeito sobre a proliferação celular de células-tronco mesenquimais in vitro

Abstract

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate obtained through a simple, cost-effective methodology to obtain high concentrations of platelet growth factors that have regenerative properties, acting on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration. Currently PRP is used in equine medicine as an autologous therapeutic product, mainly in the treatment of bone fractures, tendinitis, defects, arthropathies and cutaneous wounds. Stem cells are present in all tissues and organs, with the primary function of replacing cells lost during normal wear and tear. They are also involved in the repair of tissue damaged by diseases and traumas and are increasingly being studied and used in equine medicine for various treatments, aiming at cellular regeneration, allowing in this way recoveries above the average of usual treatments, where the return to athletic activity of the equine is the main purpose of its use. he association of PRP and stem cells has been increasingly employed in bone, ligament and tendinous lesions in order to obtaining cellular regeneration in such lesions. Several protocols for obtaining PRP have been proposed and cited in the literature and this makes it difficult to choose the most appropriate protocol. Trying to find a PRP with higher platelet concentration, we started our study, where from the evaluation of five protocols cited in the literature and one in our laboratory, we selected one that met this requirement. After obtaining the PRP protocol, we evaluated the effect of PRP and Poor Plasma on Platelets (PPP) in cocultivation with mesenchymal stem cells obtained from equine adipose tissue (MSCs), in order to evaluate its possible effect on the cellular proliferation of themselves. We obtained a PRP with platelet count ten times the baseline mean value, being the most efficient protocol in platelet concentrates. We could not replicate the results obtained in other laboratories, indicating the need to develop protocols suitable for each laboratory. Different concentrations of PRP and PPP influenced the cell proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from equine adipose tissue. The fibroblastoid morphology of the MSCs was maintained in the culture with a 2% increase of PRP to the culture medium. PRP at 2% concentration didn’t inhibit cell proliferation of MSCs in vitro and still maintained its initial morphological characteristics.