Atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória da óleo-resina da Copaifera Glycycarpa (Ducke)

Abstract

The copaifera glycycarpa (Fabaceae-Caesapinioideaea), popularly known as copaiba cuiarana has its oil used by indigenous peoples in the Xingu region to ease inflammation and infection mainly of skin and throat. The pharmacological activity of Crude Oil (OR) of some species of the genus copaifera activities were shown to have an anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, and other antimicrobial and were isolated as cariofilenos and sesquiterpenes and diterpenes as humulenos copaenos, acids and caurenóicos poliáticos with anti-inflammatory activity and gastroprotective. Considering these indicators, this study aimed to evaluate the potential antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory oleoresin (OR) extracted from the trunk of trees and their isolated C.glycycarpa, kaurenoic acid and acid poliáltico in pharmacological models in vivo, orally administered in adult male mice weighing 25-35g. In the evaluation of the test antinociceptive, OR (10-1000mg/Kg) decreased in a dose dependent manner the writhings (ID50 = 145.24 mg / kg). The OR decreased both phases in the formalin test, neurogenic pain in 42.30% and pain of inflammatory origin and 69.01% was more efficient in the second phase at the lowest dose at 33.70%. Even in the formalin test, the OR300mg/Kg reduced the reactivity of animals in both phases being more efficient in the second stage 84.78%, the effect being partially reversed by naloxone. In the tail flick test used an opioid agonist and OR30-1000mg/Kg v.o), only the highest dose of 1g/kg (8100 ± 0.5489) increased the time of withdrawal of the tail significantly the stimulus in relation to their vehicle controls (5300 ± 0.3697) and fentanyl (17.80 ± 2023) at the time of evaluation, however not as much as the reference drug. The OR 300mg/kg was shown to have antinociceptive effect by increasing the time to remove the tail and when administered to group pre-treated with p-clorophenilalanina (PCPA100mg/kg ip), reversed the hyperalgesic effect. In assessing anti-inflammatory, pretreatment with increasing doses of OR (10-1000mg/Kg) inhibited dose-dependently and significantly the formation of ear edema induced by croton oil in 79.95%, ID50 calculed 321,34mg/kg, and this activity antiedematogenic shows one more anti-inflammatory property of this OR. In pleurisy test, the pre-treatment with OR (1000mg/Kg acid, and acid kaurenoic 10mg/Kg polialtico 20mg/kg, vo), was able to reduce the number of leukocytes migrate into the pleural cavity at 59.80%, 49.13% and 54.34% respectively, while dexamethasone inhibited 66.64% compared to controls, thereby enhancing these results, anti-inflammatory properties of OR and this inhibition can be at least partly attributed to the activity of these two acids diterpene contained in the OR. Evaluating the action of OR on motor activity and CNS was observed that the OR 300mg/kg had an effect similar to the reference drug diazepam reducing the distance traveled, time of grooming and rearing and increased time in the central and immobility in open-field test a possible mechanism featuring anseolitic and sedative. In addition, the tail suspension test animals pretreated with PCPA, immobility time was significantly higher than in control groups and when received treatment with OR the immobility time of the animal returned to the level of controls showing a possible antidepressant activity of this mixture. Keywords: Copaifera glycycarpa, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory diterpenes