Inventário e aspectos biológicos de quirópteros (Mammalia, Chiroptera) da localidade de Morro Azul, Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin, RJ

Abstract

Bats are known for their importance in seeds dispersion, as pollinators, controllers of insects, but there are huge gaps in the knowledge. Many aspects of the biology of bats, for example the reproductive patterns, are still unknown or are not studied enough in the most part of the species. In addition, many regions in the State of Rio de Janeiro were not studied enough. One of these regions is the South-Central Fluminense Region, as the place of studies. This work had objective evaluate the richness, species diversity and the abundance of bats, analyze the comunity structure, such as give informations about reproductives aspects that have relation with seasonal variations. The study was done in Morro Azul, county Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin state of Rio de Janeiro, brazilian southeast (22° 29’ 41.62’’ S and 43° 34’ 02.89’’ W) between september of 2007 and april of 2012. Were done 35 nights of captures (89.700 m². h/net), distributed in four áreas that had different levels of ecological sucession. The nets were armed in the ground level, near to vegetables in process of flowering or fruitfulness, natural buildings and cavities, on streams and lakes. Were captured a total of 878 specimens that were divided in 26 species of bats, that belong to three families: Phyllostomidae (17), Vespertilionidae (7) and Molossidae (2). Platyrrhinus recifinus and Chiroderma doriae has a distinction due to the fact they be considered vulnerable in the State of Rio de Janeiro and also Carollia perspicillata for being the more frequent species (48,7%). According with the estimator (Jackknif 1), is possible to wait the addition of four more species of bats in the studied area, suggesting that the survey is 86,6% complete. The diversity in the area (H’ = 1,92) is similar to other areas in the state of Rio de Janeiro, being possible to check significatives differences between the areas of initial successional stages and areas with advanced stages (t = 2,82, p = 0,005 and t = 2,20, p = 0,02). The data about abundance show an uniformness in the four áreas (H = 3,89, g.1 = 3, p = 0,27). The reproductive period for all the species together, was more abundant in the rainy season, being too different in the dry season (U = 46, p = 0,004). The results show the importance of inventories in areas with different kinds of phytophysiognomies, once they can shelter different species making the survey more efficient.