Suplementação dietética com eletrólitos em equinos

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate the physiologic changes of electrolyte supplementation in horses, changes in the right dorsal colon (RDC) and the fermentation pattern resulting from supplementation. Assay was conducted in completely randomized design in 3x3 Latin Square scheme repeated in time, with the treatments: 1 - Control (no supplementation), 2 - Mean dose (0.25g NaCl, + 0.125g KCl + 0.05g CaCl + 0.025gMgCl / kg BW), and 3 – High Dose (0.625g NaCl + 0.3125g KCl + 0.125g CaCl + 0.0625gMgCl / kg of BW, equivalent 2.5 times the medium treatment). Three permanent cannulated horses in RDC horses were used. . Supplementation was given via nasogastric tube, four hours after the morning feeding. The basal diet maintained the ratio 70:30 (vol:con), with intake equivalent to 2% of BW. The animals received daily 116mg/kg of BW commercial mineral salt. The research was divided in two trials: I – Electrolyte Balance: Was collected blood, urine, feces and digesta samples, for 12 hours after electrolyte supplementation to pH, electrical conductivity, [Na +], [K +], [ Cl-], [Ca2 +], [Mg2 +], buffering capacity, density, dry matter, and, protein and hematocrit in the blood plasma analysis. Was also evaluated water consumption, urine and feces production. Was release diet chemical analysis and feces and digesta chemical analysis. Trial II - Electrolyte Supplementation action on in vitro fermentation potential on RDC content: Was evaluated the gas production kinetics with semi-automatic technique, from RDC inoculum of horses collected 12 hours after electrolyte supplementation. Supplementation with electrolytes increased (P<0.05) the water consumption, water retention, urine production, and reduce the dry matter in the urine, faeces and digesta percentage. The blood variables did not significantly change to the supplementation. Supplementation altered (P<0.05) the sodium and chloride excretion. The chemical characteristics of faeces and digesta were not affected by supplementation. The equation obtained for the laboratory EQUILAB was V(ml)=-0.07 + 3.79x + 0.077x2 (R2=0.99), where each psi corresponds to 3.80 mL. The electrolyte supplementation did not influence (P<0.05) in vitro gas production with inoculum collected 12 hours after supplementation. Same way, supplementation did not alter blood physiological variables, as well the RDC digesta and feces were chemical and electrolyte concentration was unchanged. The urine physico-chemical characteristics and the excreted electrolytes concentration over the time were significantly altered by the treatments used.