Uso do gel de Quitosano mucoadesivo contendo Doxiciclina associada ou não ao Meloxicam no controle da progressão da gengivite em cães portadores de doença periodontal

Abstract

The periodontal disease is the highest occurrence condition in the pet clinic. Its affect mainly older animals because of its characteristic of chronicity. Among the clinical signs, gingivitis is the first to be observed. The main of this study was the use of mucosal Chitosan gel containing Doxycycline associated or not to Meloxicam without control of progression of gingivitis in dogs with periodontal disease. To evaluate the treatment was used clinical and histopathologic rating. Were used 18 Beagle dogs with gingivitis secondary to periodontal condition divided into three experimental groups. Group I – animals treated with placebo. Group II – Animals treated with mucoadhesive chitosan gels containing doxycycline. Group III - Animals treated with mucoadhesive chitosan gels containing doxycycline and meloxicam. The animals were treated for seven days in the gingival margin of the right maxilla every twelve hours. During the clinic evaluation only the group II had improved. During the histopathologic evaluation only the group II had improved at clinical scores however, there is no statistical difference with the other groups. Samples of free gingival fragment and swabs from the margin and gingival sulcus of the upper right maxilla of each animal were sent for identification, quantification through counting of Colony Forming Units (CFU) and antibiotic tests with the antibiotics doxycycline, metronidazole, amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, clindamycin and cephalexin. The bacteria isolated in Group I were Staphylococcus aureus (17%) in Group II were Escherichia coli (60%), Rods (30%) and Staphylococcus sp (10%) in Group III, Escherichia spp. Coli (33%), Staphylococcus sp (20%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%), Coccus (6%), Bacilli (7%), Rods (7%), Yeasts (7%) and Pseudomonas spp. (7%). In all those groups the bacteria identified were the same at day 0 and +8. The antibiotics tested in antibiogram, the results obtained were in Group I Doxycycline (13%), Amoxicillin (33%), Cephalexin (27%), Metronidazole (0%), Enrofloxacin (20%) and Clindamycin (28%), Amoxicillin (31%), Amoxicillin (25%), Cephalexin (13%), Metronidazole (25%), Enrofloxacin (0%) and Clindamycin), Cephalexin (5%), Metronidazole (17%), Enrofloxacin (17%), Clindamycin (17%). It was therefore concluded that the formulations developed were not effective as adjuvants in the treatment of gingivitis induced by periodontal disease.