Uso de máscaras: aspectos psicossociais das manifestações no Rio de Janeiro pós-junho de 2013

Abstract

The present work investigates the psychosocial aspects of the use of mask in demonstrations and protests in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, implying such actions in the context of the struggles of “Jornadas de Junho de 2013”. We analyze here these events, as organized in the form of the the multitude, and guided by the emergence of the right to the city as a way of constructing a conception of these events. It sought to think about the methodological possibilities of a research in social psychology from the triangulation of datas, on its potential of depth extension: the structural approach of Social Representations, and the methodological proposal of Content Analysis, associated through its possible perspectives in research. The results point out as probable central nucleus of social representations the elements "anonymity", "black bloc", "hide", "protection" and "vandalism". Content analysis indicates responses under the categories of "experience", "justification" and "collective identity construction" for those who claim to have used masks in protests, and the categories "anonymity", "protection", "judgment" “collective identity construction" and "fantasy" for those who declare that they have never made such a use. The triangulation of datas allows to highlight the representation of "anonymity" in chorus with the narratives of search of a construction of collective identity as powerful collective agency, taking the use of masks as detachment of the individual in favor of the identity of the group. We conclude in debate with the theory that the current protests and manifestations in Brazil present multiple affections around the common, placing in the brazilian scene this new autonomous way to make politics: from the spaces they create to the instruments and languages they use, until the relations between those who are acting, so that hiding the face may be less a protection of individuality and more an act of building belonging, sharing another signe, more social