O federalismo brasileiro em perspectiva dialógica

Abstract

Federalism is the subject of more than one of human knowledge: field consists of a form of political organization, and in this sense the political science field object at the same time translates through a set of rules governing the model state of political society that adopts it, and in this sense would be in the field of law. Starting from this premise, each area of scientific knowledge sought to formulate a general theory of federalism. Thus, by adopting a set of theoretical and methodological traditions of a subject to treat an object, namely, federalism, each area of knowledge built, in its way, a conception of Brazilian federalism. This study aimed to overcome a perspective of mere observation of these fields of knowledge, to propose a critical and reflective analysis of the Brazilian political thinking about the Brazilian federalism and its relation to democracy in two decisive moments of political transition in the history of Brazil: the first time when adopting the federative model for the first time in Brazil, which took place in the transition from Empire to Republic, and the second time, the democratic reopening that culminated in the 1988 Constitution, during which political science was already institutionalized in Brazil. To perform this analysis, a methodology that started from a perspective that surpass the more traditional demarcations of the fields of Political Science and Law was adopted. The idea is to understand how these enunciations of jurists and political scientists about the Brazilian federalism converge and diverge about the political and administrative organization in order in both periods. The Democratic State problems of law in its broadest sense touch both areas of knowledge, but the old and traditional theoretical constructs about the elements that make federalism are not sitting in the social complexity of contemporary, complexity this that calls for a scientific view interdisciplinary.