Políticas públicas e educação na Baixada Fluminense durante a Ditadura Militar: a Sociedade de Ensino Superior de Nova Iguaçu (SESNI)

Abstract

In order to understand the educational project for the Baixada Fluminense in Rio de Janeiro, more precisely in Nova Iguaçu, we began a search to understand public policies in the area of education. However, a phenomenon that occurred after the University Reform of 1968, during the military regime, led us to map the three higher education institutions in the region, all of a private nature, in the same period, that is, the immediate reform at the Federal level. So, the way to understand this fact was through public policies at the national level, to then discuss the reflexes felt in peripheral regions and with few structures for education. The history of education in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, the political and social context reveal the specificities and importance of a higher-level educational enterprise in the region. Such importance is evidenced by the most emblematic institution of our research: SESNI (future UNIG). Relations from a politically influential family, along with business characters from the city, established the first higher education foundation in Nova Iguaçu, at the same time that the new guidelines for higher education provision were implemented in Brazil. Therefore, this work aimed to understand the public policies in the educational field inserted in the context of the Military Regime and the local dynamics of a city in true expansion, but still peripheral in Rio de Janeiro. The educational entrepreneurs and private higher education institutions that emerged during this period also help us map the relationship between society and higher education in the 1960s and 70s in the Baixada Fluminense. For the development of the research we used Rio de Janeiro newspapers from the 1960s, 70s and 80s as sources. In addition to the legislation and bills that involved the theme addressed in this work during the aforementioned decades.