Patrimônio cultural: mais um outro “lugar social” para a louɔura - Contribuições dos direitos culturais, da saúde mental à patrimonialização

Abstract

This paper is a study that discusses the experiences and artistic-cultural practices of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), in particular, the contributions of therapeutic workshops of the CAPS (Psychosocial Care Center) device and its internal and external relations to cultural references and assets and their patrimonialization. It is intended to highlight that the policies of patrimonialization and Cultural Rights add one more space that demystifies the social imaginary of the mental health service users and guarantee one more place of citizenship for them. It is assumed that the spaces that circulate Art & Culture in the field of mental health and psychosocial care are also resignifications of phenomena that involve the re/construction of the subject in its individuality and collectivity through cultural, symbolic, artistic, and identity expressions. Historically, among the Brazilian movements that stood out in the struggle to replace the asylums system in mental health was the Mental Health Workers Movement (MTSM). This movement, in 1987, during the II National Congress of Mental Health Workers, was transformed into an organized and broad social movement, called: Movimento pela Luta Antimanicomial (Movement for the Anti-mental asylum system). As the social movements occupied spaces in the political scenario and put pressure on the state power, the legislation, then, was being altered (Amarante, 1994). It was from the social mobilizations and the legal transformations that the health services were sought to be organized, prioritizing the integrality of actions, the universality of access to services and the democratic participation, considering the attention to the person in psychic suffering in the scope of citizenship and not only of assistance through the Unified Health System (SUS - Law 8080/90). One of the mental health devices resulting from this struggle is the CAPS. This study aimed to ponder the relations of cultural heritage and its various contexts of political and social practices in the mental health environment, through the contextualization of the use of art-culture and its signs during the practices of mental health care and psychosocial attention of the device CAPS III - Dr. Jayr Nogueira, located in the center of the city of Nova Iguaçu, metropolitan region of RJ, in Baixada Fluminense. The author intended to formulate and apply questionnaires and semi-structured interviews as a research tool with users, family members, and employees of CAPS III - Jayr Nogueira. However, due to the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in the beginning of the year 2020 in Brazil, unfortunately entering the year 2021, the actions reserved for the collection, analysis, and treatment of these data were summarily compromised. Not because of this, an imposing dialogue between Cultural Rights, Human Rights, cultural diversity, care practices in mental health and psychosocial care, and their emancipations that strengthen the integration guidelines of the Anti-Attempted Treatment. Contributions that awaken another "social place" for madness and mental illness and its re-significations through heritage policies. The patrimonialization ensures the protection of the collective memory, the debate on important themes for the Anti-mental asylum struggle, and the recognition of the autonomy and protagonism of users.