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dc.creatorGôlo, Patrícia Silva-
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3935275742919097por
dc.contributor.advisor1Bittencourt, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro-
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3888832724995864por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2135541732341157por
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Roberts, Donald Wilson-
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6612704411236706por
dc.contributor.referee1Angelo, Isabele da Costa-
dc.contributor.referee2Coelho, Irene da Silva-
dc.contributor.referee3Reck Júnior, José-
dc.contributor.referee4Silva, Walter Orlando Beys da-
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-24T16:10:25Z-
dc.date.issued2014-07-22-
dc.identifier.citationGôlo, Patrícia Silva. Metarhizium spp.: caracterização de isolados com potencial para biocontrole de pragas.. 2014. [116 f.]. Dissertação( Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, [Seropédica-RJ] .por
dc.identifier.urihttps://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2996-
dc.description.resumoMetarhizium anisopliae senso latu (s.l.) tem sido amplamente utilizado em programas de controle de insetos e apresenta resultados promissores em testes contra carrapatos, especialmente Rhipicephalus microplus. Os níveis de virulência de diferentes espécies e isolados de M. anisopliae s.l. podem estar relacionados com a produção de enzimas, produção de metabolitos secundários, e tolerância aos efeitos abióticos como altas temperaturas e intensa radiação solar. Dessa maneira, a presente tese objetivou: 1) determinar, em 20 isolados fúngicos de Metarhizium, os níveis de tolerância à radiação UV-B quando estes foram suspensos em água ou formulados com óleo; 2) avaliar os níveis de produção in vitro de destruxinas nestes mesmos isolados fúngicos e a presença de destruxinas em larvas de Galleria mellonella utilizando dois isolados fúngicos de espécies diferentes; 3) verificar a virulência contra larvas de R. microplus e larvas de insetos (G. mellonella e Tenebrio molitor) desses mesmos isolados; 4) correlacionar a expressão de pr1 e a virulência de Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. para R. microplus; 5) avaliar a resposta no perfil proteico de ovos de R. microplus após tratamento fúngico das fêmeas; e 6) quantificar níveis de produção de destruxina in planta [Vigna unguiculata (feijões) e Cucumis sativus (pepinos)]. As formulações a base de óleo mineral (10%) contendo conídios de diferentes espécies e isolados de Metarhizium claramente protegeram o fungo do efeito causado pela exposição à radiação UV-B (i.e., atraso na germinação), o que sugere que a adição de óleo mineral às suspensões fúngicas pode conferir melhor desempenho de fungos entomopatogênicos quando aplicados a campo. Quando os resultados obtidos com a produção in vitro de destruxinas dos isolados de Metarhizium spp. foram correlacionados com os seus potenciais virulentos, observou-se que a presença desses metabólitos secundários nas culturas fúngicas não está relacionada aos níveis ou à velocidade de mortalidade dos insetos estudados. Destruxinas não foram detectadas em larvas de G. mellonella. Os valores elevados de expressão de pr1 nos conídios produzidos em carrapatos não induziram níveis de mortalidade larval maiores do que conídios produzidos em meio artificial. Cinquenta e duas proteínas foram identificados nos ovos de R. microplus, dentre essas, alguns inibidores de serino proteases (Serpinas) estão possivelmente relacionados a uma resposta adaptativa, já que foram identificados somente em ovos do grupo de fêmeas exposto ao fungo. Houve detecção de destruxinas quando feijões foram endofiticamente colonizados por M. robertsii. Essa característica pode ser significantemente positiva para o seu uso de fungos contra pestes da agricultura, caracterizando-se como uma nova e promissora abordagem no controle biológico de artrópodes-pestes, isto é, o uso de fungos artropodopatogênicos produzidos in planta para modificar negativamente o comportamento de pestes agrícolas. O presente estudo foi o primeiro relato da detecção de destruxinas em plantas colonizadas por M. robertsii e descreve, também pela primeira vez, a positividade na colonização de M. acridum em plantas (feijão cowpea e pepino), após inoculação em sementes, e a colonização endofítica de M. brunneum em feijões após aplicação foliar.por
dc.description.abstractMetarhizium anisopliae senso latu (s.l.) has been widely used in insect control programs and shows promising results in tests against ticks, especially Rhipicephalus microplus. Virulence levels of different species of M. anisopliae s.l. may be related to the production of enzymes, secondary metabolite and tolerance to abiotic effects such as high temperatures and intense solar irradiation. Accordingly, the present thesis aimed: 1) determine UV-B tolerance levels of 20 different Metarhizium spp. isolates in aqueous or oil-based formulation; 2) assess levels of destruxins production in vitro by the same fungal isolates and in vivo production in Galleria mellonella larvae using two fungal isolates from different species; 3) verify virulence against Rhipicephalus microplus larvae and insect larvae (G. mellonella and Tenebrio molitor) when the same isolates were suspended in water; 4) correlate the expression of pr1 and Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato virulence for R. microplus larvae; 5) evaluate the response in the protein profile of R. microplus eggs after fungal treatment of females; and 6) quantify levels of destruxins production in planta [Vigna unguiculata (cowpea beans) and Cucumis sativus (cucumbers)]. Formulations based on 10% mineral oil containing conidia of different Metarhizium isolates clearly protected conidia from the effect caused by UV-B radiation (i.e., delayed germination), suggesting that the addition of mineral oil to fungal suspensions may improve their performance under field conditions. Comparisons between the results obtained with in vitro destruxins production and fungal virulence, showed that the presence or absence of these secondary metabolites in fungal cultures was not related to the level or rate of arthropod mortality. Destruxins were not detected in G. mellonella larvae, suggesting that these insect larvae detoxified quickly the produced compounds. The high values of Pr1 in conidia produced on ticks did not induce higher levels of larval mortality in comparison with conidia produced on artificial media. Fifty-two proteins were identified in R. microplus eggs, among these, some inhibitors of serine proteases (Serpins) are possibly present as an adaptive tick response to the fungus, since they were only identified in the group of eggs from females exposed to the fungus. Destruxins were detected when beans were endophytic colonized by M. robertsii. This finding might be significantly positive for fungal use to control agriculture pests, representing a promising new approach for biological control of arthropod pests, i.e., the use of arthropodpathogenic fungi grown in planta to adversely modify the behavior of agricultural pests. This study was the first report of destruxins detection in plants colonized by M. robertsii and also describes, for the first time, the positive endophytic colonization of M. acridum in plants (cowpea beans and cucumber after seed inoculation), and colonization of M. brunneum in cowpea beans after folear applicationeng
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dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpor
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dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapor
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspor
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VEGA, F.E.; POSADA, F.; AIME, M.C.; PAVA-RIPOLL, M.; INFANTE, F.; REHNER, S.A. Entomopathogenic fungal endophytes. Biological Control, v. 44, p. 72-82, 2008.por
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectfungos artropodopatogênicospor
dc.subjectradiação UV-Bpor
dc.subjectdestruxinaspor
dc.subjectPr1por
dc.subjectfungos endofíticospor
dc.subjectarthropodthogenic fungieng
dc.subjectUV-B irradiationeng
dc.subjectdestruxinspor
dc.subjectendophitic fungipor
dc.subject.cnpqMedicina Veterináriapor
dc.titleMetarhizium spp.: caracterização de isolados com potencial para biocontrole de pragas.por
dc.title.alternativeMetarhizium spp.: characterization of isolates with potential for biocontrol of pestseng
dc.typeDissertaçãopor
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