Desenvolvimento de esquema inicias desadaptativos em adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social

Abstract

The focus of social vulnerability in adolescence is strictly linked to the demand for protection of this population, considering its uniqueness and peculiar condition of development. This idea includes that actions against this population, in this case violence, generate damages that spread to adult life and crystallize in the relationship with the other. This harmful experience is considered a risk factor for the development of psychopathologies such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, learning and personality disorders. In addition, violence affects the cognitive and emotional processes that adolescents develop to deal with the evolutionary tasks of their development. Taking this information into account, this study aimed to investigate the Initial Maladaptive Schemes developed in institutionally accepted adolescents. Nineteen participants in institutional care in a municipality in the Baixada Fluminense comprised the total sample. The results revealed the significant presence of the Abandonment, Vulnerability to har or illness e Mistrust/Abuse schemas, while emotional / behavioral problems such as depression, anxiety, aggression and social problems were also in evidence, from the YSR Inventory. Additionally, more than half of the sample had a clinical level for externalizing behaviors, demonstrating that the investigated adolescents used dysfunctional strategies to deal with the activation of their schemes. Regarding the analysis of sociodemographic data, it was found that in 41% of cases, abandonment was the main reason for reception, and 69.23% of adolescents are black, referring to the phenomenon of racialization of violence. From the data obtained with this research, it is considered urgent to invest in the context of relationship and development of adolescents, as well as in the context of social policies directed at childhood and adolescence.