Proposta de indicadores de sustentabilidade energética para a matriz de geração eólica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Brazil is the fourth country that invests more in wind energy in the world, being the source that grows the most in the Brazilian territory. The main objective of this study is to propose indicators of energy sustainability for the state of Rio de Janeiro based on the main environmental impacts caused by wind power generation projects. To do so, the survey of systems of indicators of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability used by national and international institutions and companies linked to energy research was carried out, and after identifying the most relevant indicator systems for this study were adapted to the specifics of the state of Rio de Janeiro. It was identified that most of the institutions involved in research on energy are using the Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development (EIDS) proposed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). As a result, 27 indicators based on the IAEA and other surveyed systems were proposed. Some of these indicators were adapted to the peculiarities of the State and the wind energy sector. The 27 indicators were divided into the three main dimensions of sustainable development: social, economic and environmental. Thus, it is hoped that the indicators proposed here serve as a planning tool for decision-making and measurement of the impacts caused by the construction and operation of wind farms in the state of Rio de Janeiro in order to direct strategies for achieving sustainable development.