Levantamento de doenças e dinâmica populacional do ácaro-rajado na cultura do morangueiro no sul de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The strawberry crop has an important socioeconomic role in the municipalities where it is exploited, since it uses a large contingent of labor, often family, as well as being the main source of income for some families. The main obstacle of the crop is the phytosanitary, since it can lead to losses of up to 100% of the production. The objective of this work was to detect and diagnose the causative agent of strawberry vermilion, to raise and diagnose the main phytopathogens that occur in the crop, to determine the population dynamics of the mite (Tetranychus urticae) during cultivation in two strawberry cultivars relating it to temperature and humidity conditions. The collections were carried out in the municipalities of Estiva, Cambui and Pouso Alegre (MG). The Strawberry mild yellow edge virus associated with strawberry "vermilion" was detected and diagnosed using the methodology used; the bacterium Xanthomonas fragariae associated with the Bacterial Spot; phytoplasma associated with phylloid in pseudofruits; the fungi: Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium sp., Mycosphaerella fragariae, Oidium sp. (anamorphic phase of Podosphaera aphanis), Pestalotia sp., Phomopsis obscurans, Ramularia grevilleana (anamorphic phase of Mycosphaerella fragariae), Rhizopus stolonifer; the myxomycota Diachea leucopoda and nematode of the genus Meloidogyne. In a study carried out with the mite, it was observed that the population dynamics was increasing and similar in 'Oso Bola' and 'Saturno', however with significant differences between them, the mite having a greater preference for 'Saturno'. It was also observed that temperature and humidity had a significant influence on the growth of the phytophagous in the crop being correlated with the lower averages of maximum humidity and the highest averages of maximum temperature. This study contributes in a significant way to the elaboration of a strategy of more efficient control to phytopathogens and pest in the strawberry crop in the south of Minas Gerais.