Um diálogo entre a psicologia e a arte: as interferências e contribuições da arte na produção de subjetividade em contexto escolar

Abstract

The main theme for this work is the relevance of art in the production of subjectivity. The objective is to investigate possible subjective transformations in a group of students who attended a public school in their sixth grade in Nova Iguaçu. In the theoretical perspective, art is presented as an instrument of symbolic mediation capable to potentiate the perception of the world and to enlarge the field of conscience. The relationship between psychology and art was based on the propositions and concepts of the Russian psychologist Lev S. Vygotsky, who seeks to understand the extent to which artistic production can influence the individual in the development of higher psychological functions, considering the subject as a sociohistorical-cultural product. The method was built from the socio-historical approach that has roots in historical and dialectical materialism in order to understand the relation established between subject and object. The research had a qualitative character and appropriated the operative groups technique, from Pichon-Rivière, for data construction and analysis. Weekly meetings were held in which the participants of the research passed through artistic production experiences interleaved with conversations, discussions and debates. The discussions have been unfolding in several areas of social life, highlighting the themes of domestic violence, depression, suicide, drugs, self-mutilation, family conflicts and conflicts in school. The quality of the artistic production and the level of involvement of the research participants showed fundamental creations and resignifications in the subjective construction of the group. Horizontality, dialogue and respect for the autonomy of the young participants seem to have been the essential factors for building an emancipatory view of the subject as a producer of their own reality, opening the way to new possibilities based on creative and reflective capacity.