Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva dos extratos brutos metanólicos da Eugenia uvalha Cambess (uvaia)

Abstract

Since remote times, mankind has sought in plants the cure for various evils, this knowledge today is inserted in the popular use of various plants, among which, in Brazil, stands Eugenia uvalhaCambess out, that is used in the combat of inflammatory processes among other diseases, serving this empirical process of fuse for this scientific investigation, it aimed establish the safety of use, anti-inflammatory and antinoceptive effects of methanolic leaf extracts (MLE) and the stem (MSE). For the experiments were used SwissWebster mice, male and adult, maintained in compliance with all current standards for animal experiments. In order to determine the safety of the use, it was used the acute toxicity test (single dose) which showed no toxic effect for the two extracts at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. To determine the antinociceptive activity, was performed the induced contortion method by acetic acid to evaluate nociception which doses of 10, 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg were used, the MLE inhibited the cumulative contortions, respectively 29.37±3.32; 40.18±10.44; 33.38±4.22; 55.12±2.69 and 68.94±3.42%it being possible to determine the DI50 at 308 mg/kg. The MSE at the same doses did not produce result of inhibition of the abdominal contortions. It was used the formalin method to investigate the mechanism of inhibition of MLE contortions and to confirm the absence of this type of activity for the EMC. In the first phase, evaluating of neurogenic nociception, of formalin method, the extracts did not produce changes in the reaction time, while in the second phase (inflammatory nociception) of the method, the MSE confirmed the absence of antinociceptive effects, the EMF at doses of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg decreases the reaction time by 96.20±1.96; 97.93±1.94 and 98.34±1.44% %, respectively, presenting performance like the indomethacin. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of EMF, the induced pleurisy method by carrageenan was conducted for the doses 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg in order to obtain the exudates, from which, the leukocyte migration by counting in the Neubauer camera (MSE and MLE) was evaluated, and quantification of the TNFα mediator by ELISA (MLE), the MLE inhibited leukocyte migration in 83.16±7,56% and reduced the amount of TNFα from 70.27±8.00% to the dose of 300 mg/kg, the inhibition of TNFα show itself constant for all the doses used, the results for EMC doses in this method did not produce inhibition of leukocyte migration.In the evaluation of the anti-fungence activity for the MLE, it was used the paw edema method induced by carrageenan, histamine and serotonin, and this at the dose of 300 mg/kg inhibited the edema in 58,44±5,08; 46,74±10,00 and 50,96±3,52%. It was used a rotating wheel and open field to evaluate some motor effect or central nervous system for the MLE at the dose of 300 mg/kg and it did not cause or demonstrate any motor or exploratory activity alteration while the diazepam positive control promoted reduction of the permanency time in the rotating wheel in 50.5% and in the open field promoted alterations that suggest an anxiolytic effect of this drug.Based on the results described above, it can be concluded that the MLE of Eugenia uvalha has antinoceptive effect and it is directly related to the anti-inflammatory effect similar to the indomethacin and antidematogenic observed for this extract, with low toxicity and no effects on the central nervous system. Therefore, the results obtained in the present study contribute to explain that, at least in part, the medicinal use of plant parts in inflammatory processes has a scientific basis due to the anti-nociceptive, anti-nematode and anti-inflammatory activities demonstrated here