Composição centesimal do casco e fígado da Tartaruga-da-Amazônia Podocnemis expansa criada em cativeiro e em idade de abate

Abstract

The turtles creation in Brazil has increasing in the last years, standing out like this the increase of the volume of discount of the species Podocnemis expansa. This study was accomplished in UFRRJ, being aimed at to evaluate quantitativity the centesimal composition, caloric value, cholesterol and fatty acids of the shell and liver of the P. expansa and amino acids of the shell. They were sent 100 shells and 100 livers of turtles in slaughter age maintained by IBAMA legalized and registered creator. For obtaining of the samples, the matters cousins were ground and the analyses were accomplished being followed methodologies standardized in the literature and official organs. The medium results obtained for moisture of the shell and liver they were (53,89% and 71,09%); proteins (23,04% and 14,79%); carbohydrates just in the liver (8,34%); fats (6,66% and 3,92%); ashes (20,69% and 1,17%); caloric value (152,07 and 127,83 kcal/100g) and cholesterol (36,23 mg/100g and 595,20 mg/100g) for the shell and the liver, respectively. The fatty acids (%) it was obtained in the shell and liver, respectively 3,59 and 1,31 of C 14:0; 0,66 and 0,22 of C 14:1; 0,78 and 0,17 of C 15:0; 40,00 and 14,74 of C 16:0; 7,71 and 4,73 of C 16:1; 0,94 and 0,50 of C 17:0; 22,70 and 17,95 of C 18:0; 3,59 and 1,68 of C 18:1 trans; 18,59 and 14,63 of C 18:1 cis (ω9); 1,44 and 8,93 of C 18:2 cis (ω6), besides C 17:1 (0,09); C 20:0 (0,12); C 18:3 cis (ω3) (0,48); C 20:1 (ω9) (0,17); C 20:2 (0,55); C 22:0 (1,45); C 20:4 (ω6) (16,29); C 22:2 (0,10); C 24:1 (1,66) and C 22:6 (ω3) (2,96) in the liver, totaling 68,02% and 36,24% of saturated fat; 30,55% and 23,19% of monounsaturated fatty acids and 1,44% and 29,30% of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the shell and liver, respectively. For minerals (mg/100g) it was obtained 7843,33 and 0,06 of Ca; 3000,00 and 237,34 of P; 0,22 and 1,09 of Cu; 20,76 and 32,76 of Fe; 1,02 and amount not detected of Mn; 5,66 and 2,60 of Zn in the shell and liver, respectively, besides 0,79 mg/100g of Co in the shell and 55,08; 2,35 and 4,72 of Mg, Na and K in the liver, respectively. They were obtained the medium values of the amino acids of the shell (g amino acids/ 100g protein): glycine (15,73); proline (9,11); acid glutâmico (7,47); arginine (6,42); alanina (5,90); acid aspártico (4,05); tyrosine (3,31); leucine (2,89); serina (2,77); lysine (2,69); valine (2,50), threonine (2,14), phenylalanine (2,11); histidine (1,70) and isoleucine (1,42). It was ended that the shell of Podocnemis expansa is rich nutricionalmente, what will make possible future studies for your use in the human feeding. With relationship to the liver this is a good source of proteins, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol, could be consumed by the population.