Avaliação da qualidade da madeira de Tectona grandis L. f. por meio de análise tomográfica, microdensitométrica e anatômica

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of teak (Tectona grandis) from three different planting densities in a stand located at the Instituto Federal do Mato Grosso (IFMT) - Cáceres-MT, through tomographic, microdensitometric and anatomical analysis. More specifically, it aimed to evaluate the potential of the impulse tomography to preset parameters of quality and uses of wood, also determining the radial variation of the wood density, thickness and length of the fibers and evaluating the effect of planting density and radial position on the wood anatomical (thickness and length of fiber) and physical (wood density and speed propagation of mechanical waves) variables. For the research, three trees were selected for each planting density, with three trees of each spacing (6x2 m², 5x2 m² and 4x2 m²), totalizing nine trees from an 11 years stand of T. grandis, located in the city of Caceres. It was made a tomography exam in each selected tree to obtain the wave propagation speed from the tomographic image generated. Then the trees were cut down and a disk was removed from each tree at the height of 1.30 m above the ground (height of DAP), to make X-ray densitometric (apparent density) and anatomical (length and thickness of the wall of the fibers) analysis. The results were analyzed by multivariate statistics, through the methods of hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The conclusion was that the radial position influenced the physical and anatomical characteristics analyzed; the planting density had no effect on the characteristics analyzed; and length and thickness of the wall of the fibers were the most important features on the radial variation.