Competências gerenciais na atenção primária: avaliação das habilidades sociais de enfermeiras gestoras em equipes de Saúde da Família

Abstract

Faced with the challenges that pass through public health services in the context of primary care, there is evidence of the redirection of a care logic towards new strategic actions within the framework of the Public Unified Health System. Thus, the Family Health Strategy (ESF) teams were set up as regulators of these services, structured to offer a multiprofessional and resolutive care in recognition of the integrality of the subject. In the middle of the complexity of this scenario, policies are based whose purposes are focused on processes of training and permanent education of health professionals, aiming at the development of technical and interpersonal skills, including those necessary for the degistration function. Therefore, looking at the performance of nurse managers, this work aimed to investigate the repertoire of social skills of eight nurses responsible for the management of Family Health teams in the city of Rio Claro, in the State of Rio de Janeiro. In the research, of a descriptive nature, we used, in the process of data collection, self-report instruments capable of exploring both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Thus, the Social Skills Inventory of Del Prette and Del Prette was applied in order to evaluate, in a general way, the efficacious resources of these skills in the repertoire of the participants. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were carried out, through a script that included questions aimed at the autoperception of nurses regarding social management skills. In the determination of IHS data, we analyzed the results of the group of managers in relation to the total score and the five factors that compose the instrument. In the interviews, the content analysis was carried out in the light of Bardin using the categorization of the reports obtained. The results pointed to characteristic features of social skills classes such as empathy, assertiveness, expression of positive feelings and knowledge sharing skills. Another class was the problem-solving, constant in the list of skills considered, according to the National Basic Attention Policy, as essential in the actions of managers. On the other hand, limitations were observed in certain skills such as difficulties for clear and effective communication, especially low activity, and difficulties in mediating interpersonal conflicts. Training was cited by participants as an effective means of acquiring and perfecting deshashabilities. In relation to the difficulties found for the good development of their abilities, most of the nurses evidenced the lack of time and the overload of functions, concerning the execution of assistance activities, in parallel with the managerial ones. Nevertheless, the results obtained showed a good repertory of managerial and social skills in the group studied, but with evidence of the usefulness of systematic experiences for the improvement of their competences, especially with regard to essential skills in the work of managers in the field of public health. In addition, the need for more studies in the area is emphasized, in order to potentialize the dynamism and practical implications of the scientific productions on the social skills in the management scope in health.