Do concreto ao abstrato: construindo conceitos basilares em Física

Abstract

A large amount of students come to high school having great difficulties to understand the basics Physics contents, precisely because they did not truly understand the basics concepts, such as the elementary operations and etc. It turns into be one of the biggest challenges faced by us, the teachers, in the classroom, who seek to make classes attractive and meaningful for the students learning process. In the search to make the process more cooperative, that is to say, by having students actively participating in the discussion of themes several techniques have been developed. In this paper, we will discuss some fundamental concepts in Physics – magnitudes and its measurement units, length, ratio and proportion, area and volume – in the attempt to investigate how students understand these concepts and how some tangible activities done inside the classroom with students of any school year help them to set more advanced and abstracts Physics concepts. Elaborating simple and concrete material brings many possibilities either for students or for teachers. With the handling and experimentation of these materials, students will understand the basic phenomena associated to it, so teachers could rethink their own lessons, in addition to discuss with the students how they need to go through the concrete “thought” so they can think of the magnitudes in a more abstract way, which we do, in most cases, in Physics teaching. Thereby this paper exposes a wide-ranging discussion about the need and the importance of the concrete to improve students learning in order to enhance classes, stimulate the students and enable them to be able to appropriate the themes that are presented to them in Physics.