https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/603 Wed, 22 Apr 2026 12:51:45 GMT 2026-04-22T12:51:45Z https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6964 Título: Uma análise dos fatores de mudança e respostas da cadeia da pecuária bovina brasileira em relação à introdução de compromissos de sustentabilidade Autor: Speranza, Juliana Simões Primeiro orientador: May, Peter Abstract: The extrapolation of planetary boundaries such as the loss of biodiversity, associated with climate emergency and the concern about how to feed (on a sustainable and healthy basis) an expected global population of 10 billion people in 2050, have put the cattle ranching chain in contestation due to the negative externalities it produces. Brazil has the largest cattle herd in the world, with 187.5 million head of cattle. It is the largest beef exporter on the planet, responsible for 1/4 of total global beef exports. About 40% of the national herd of cattle is in the Amazon. Historically, the expansion of production in this region was based on the clearing of the forest with the entry of pastures. Estimates show that about 70% of the deforested land in the Amazon is destined for cattle ranching. Considering that markets are social and historical constructions guided by ethical values, morals and relationships of belief and power established between the dominant and the dominated, the thesis analyzes how the construction and introduction of sustainability commitments in the Brazilian cattle ranching chain takes place. In this sense, one of its specific objectives is to carry out a historical recovery of this process, starting in 1988, when Brazil begins to produce data on deforestation observed in the Legal Amazon, reaching the present day, whose conjuncture is influenced by the Movement ESG and Stakeholder Capitalism. It is seen how since the second half of the 2000s, all links in the chain, especially meatpackers, cattle ranchers, and the retail sector, live under a kind of socio-environmental court, subject to public scrutiny by various actors. Specially in the recent period, pressure and greater scrutiny are on the part of the capital market, which forces the actors in the chain to revisit old characters and scenarios, in particular the commitment to end deforestation. However, new commitments also emerge, associated with ESG indicators that must correspond to the socio-environmental attributes of the meat sold (animal welfare, use of renewable energy, circular economy, respect for the human rights of indigenous peoples and traditional communities, adequate water management, net zero etc.). The historical recovery outlined in the thesis makes it possible to identify the network of actors that participate in this socio- environmental court, the second specific objective of the research. In turn, it also makes it possible to identify the varied responses – technological and institutional – that the chain gives around the introduction of sustainability commitments, many of them focused on contributing to the fight against global climate change. The thesis identified some categories of responses: i) supply chain traceability; ii) good agricultural practices; iii) multistakeholder governance under the territory; iv) plant-based products. Such responses are analyzed according to their opportunities, limits, challenges, and overlaps. There seems to be an option and belief in the self-regulation of the market in Brazil, neglecting the key role that the State has in signaling parameters of legality for the activity and in creating incentives for the modernization of the sector, towards the decoupling natural resource use of livestock activity. The research conducted identified that there is an ecosystem of innovation for the creation of sustainable livestock in Brazil, however, a process still in progress and subject to continuous improvement. The thesis is a contribution to the updating of previous works that had the Brazilian bovine livestock chain as an object and its mechanisms of dialogue and formation of sectoral pacts (inserted in a field of tension), advancing, therefore, in a historical recovery from the process to the current days. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Wed, 25 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6964 2022-05-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6887 Título: Memória e resistência camponesa em tempos de repressão na Baixada Fluminense Autor: Bastos, Gabriel Souza Primeiro orientador: Medeiros, Leonilde Servolo de Abstract: Much is said in Brazil - both in specialized literature and in memorialistic representations - about the repression that targeted the student movement and organizations of the revolutionary left during the military dictatorship, emphasizing the year 1968 as a landmark for the intensification of repression or even as the effective beginning of the dictatorship. However, the repression that struck the poorest sectors of the working class, especially the peasants, is little known. The present work aims to analyze the memorial representations of forms of resistance and peasant organization, as well as repressive events that befell the rural populations of the Baixada Fluminense, a region with peri-urban areas near the city of Rio de Janeiro, where there was a great mobilization of rural workers' entities in the struggle for land in the period prior to the coup of 1964. Taking as a case for this study a locality known as Pedra Lisa, nowadays in the municipality of Japeri, which was connected with several other peasant mobilizations in the Baixada Fluminense, documentary and journalistic analyses were carried out, as well as interviews with local residents who had experienced these events. In order to analyze memorial dynamics over time, comparisons were made with interviews provided by other researchers, conducted in recent decades, with residents of this same locality. It is verified that for these populations, the repression does not begin or end with the dictatorship, but intensifies immediately after the coup of 1964, generating memorial dynamics that change over time, but always marked by fear and forced attitudes of forgetfulness. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Wed, 14 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6887 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6872 Título: Produção e Reprodução na Agricultura Familiar: O Caso dos Agricultores Assentados no Município de Morrinhos (Goiás) Autor: Rocha, Roseli Gonçalves da Primeiro orientador: Maluf, Renato Sérgio Jamil Abstract: The advance of capitalist transformations in the rural environment has influenced the conditions for the maintenance and reproduction of life on a global scale, highlighting social, economic, political, cultural issues and social phenomena such as poverty, misery and hunger. These changes directly impact the increase in land concentration, disarticulation and deterritorialization of farmers, rural exodus, poverty in the countryside and in the city, food and nutritional insecurity, among other aspects that have changed territorial dynamics, motivating, over the years, conflicts of interest. which vary according to historical contexts, social and political actors. As a way of understanding the trajectory of farmers in agrarian reform settlements, this study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic reproduction strategies of family farmers in three settlements in the municipality of Morrinhos - GO and to understand the role of public policies on Sovereignty and Food and Nutrition Security, in the context of agribusiness hegemony. To understand the historical context, the modernization of agriculture and agrarian reform in Brazil and Goiás were addressed, as well as the relationship between family farming and agribusiness in the state, in order to identify and characterize socioeconomic phenomena. In order to understand the socioeconomic reproduction conditions of rural families, we present the main implications arising from the world food system, the theme of pluriactivity and multifunctionality in agriculture and the evolution and role of public policies for SSAN in Brazil. For the present study, we used a qualitative approach and literature review, surveys and data analysis from primary and secondary sources. As a field research, we carried out a questionnaire applied to twenty families and interviews with four leaders of the three settlements and the secretary of family agriculture in the municipality. A look at the reality of rural families allowed us to analyze the problems related to family farming in the midst of the ongoing transformations and made it possible for us to learn about the strategies that these farmers use for their socioeconomic reproduction. We identified that some changes occur due to the need to meet the demands imposed by the market, the instability of public policies in all spheres and the negligence of the State. Among them is the change in the production of vegetables for dairy farming. Among the main bottlenecks are: the difficulty of commercialization; lack of credit and technical assistance; size of plots which, according to the farmers, are insufficient to meet all their needs. As reproduction strategies and alternatives, families seek to diversify production and, the combination of agricultural and non-agricultural activities, participation in organizational entities, mainly cooperatives, and production for selfconsumption. We found that the ability of these families to resist and their resilience along the way to remain in the countryside are between the need for survival and the lack of opportunities outside the establishment. In addition, farmers show an affective connection to the land where they live, the activities they perform and the way of life in the countryside. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Thu, 11 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6872 2021-03-11T00:00:00Z https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6850 Título: Os Guarani-Kaiowá e a elite ruralista em Mato Grosso do Sul: as múltiplas faces de um processo de territorialização Autor: Santos, Vinicius José Ribeiro da Fonseca Primeiro orientador: Menezes, Thereza Cristina Cardoso Abstract: This thesis aims to investigate the many faces of the land ownership conflict between Kaiowá indigenous families and landowning elites in Mato Grosso do Sul. Using my fieldwork notebooks, I describe the acting context of Kaiowá and Ñandéva indigenous land technical identification and demarcation groups, in August 2008. To that end, I present some analysis tools through various statistics (of population management, conflicts, and rights enforcement) on judicial, normative, and administrative-legal rulings on the issue of indigenous land in the country. On Chapter II, I examine Kaiowá and Ñandéva territorialization through their notions of social organization, te’yi, and spatial occupation, tekoha. I reconstruct the historical situations, since the 16th century through to the end of the Paraguay War, but especially starting from the 20th century, with the agricultural expansion, and in the field of interethnic relations in Mato Grosso do Sul, until the first movements of retaking indigenous peoples that would have as a final consequence, the insertion of technical identification groups, in 2008. I make use of material resulting from fieldwork in 2008 and 2009, as well as data from my Master’s thesis, which was carried out between 2013 and 2014. Finally, in the last chapter unfolds a series of events that resulted in a major offensive against the technic groups, anthropologists across the country, and consequently the Kaiowá and Ñandéva. I describe the orchestration of an organized rural elite, occupying key positions in government, going from the defense of private land ownership to the main articulator of the legislative dismantling of indigenous land rights, as well as judicializing cases and halting demarcation processes. This period is marked by the judgment of the case of the Raposa Serra do Sol indigenous land, in 2009, and it ends with the establishment of the Parliamentary Inquiry Commission aimed at investigating the National Indian Foundation and the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform, between 2015 and 2017. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 02 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6850 2021-04-02T00:00:00Z